1. History of Biological Diversity Evolution: Darwin’s travel

2. Developing the Theory of Evolution The Galápagos Islands
Darwin noticed that the different islands all seemed to have their own, slightly different varieties of animals.
Somewhat similar species that suited their particular environment.
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In 1859 On the Origin of Species presented evidence and proposed a mechanism for evolution that he called natural selection.

3. Natural Selection is Survival of the fittest
Natural selection is a process of elimination
ORGANISMS THAT HAVE TRAITS THAT ARE BEST ADAPTED FOR THE CURRENT ENVIRONMENT ARE THE ONES THAT SURVIVE TO BREED AND PASS ON THEIR GENES TO THE NEXT GENERATION, CAUSING A CHANGE IN THE OVERALL POPULATION.
Organisms not possessing the beneficial traits either die or don’t have as many offspring.
Natural Selection is Survival of the fittest
Biological fitness- ability of an organism to survive AND reproduce (pass on its genes)

4. Main Points of Natural Selection
Genetic Variation is present in the population and it is inherited (passed to offspring)
-Mutations: Changes in the DNA
-Meiosis: crossing over Random mate selection & fertilization
Living Things Overproduce Offspring (not all survive)
Competition for Limited Resources
Survival of the “Fittest”

5. Natural Selection Fitness Differential Reproductive Success Genetic
Limited
Resources
Organisms produce more offspring than can survive.
Environmental Factors
Differential
Reproductive
Success
Natural Selection
Fitness
Competition
Genetic
Variation
Differential reproduction is the idea that those organisms best adapted to a given environment will be most likely to survive to reproductive age and have offspring of their own
Make sure students know the definitions to the following terms: genetic variation, fitness, competition, resources, and environmental factors.
Take time to explain how the various components lead to DRS.

8. Adaptations-a change or the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment.
Types of adaptations
Camouflage is a suite of morphological adaptations that allow an organism to blend into its environment.
Mimicry is a type of morphological adaptation where a species evolves to resemble another species.
Antibiotic resistance develops in some bacteria,making them able to survive antibiotic treatments
Mimicry
Camouflage