1. The Industrial Revolution
3.07 Evaluate the effects of colonialism on Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Europe.
4.04 Examine the causes and effects of the Russian Revolution and its effect on Russia and the world.
4.05 Evaluate the causes and effectiveness of nineteenth and twentieth century nationalistic movements that challenged European domination in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
5.01 Analyze the causes and course of World War I and assess its consequences.

2. The Industrial Revolution in Britain
Factors in Great Britain becoming the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution:
Agriculture becomes more efficient = cheaper food
Enclosure movement causes more people to move to cities = large labor force
Wealthy merchants had a lot of money to invest in factories
Entrepreneurs devised new business methods
Britain had a lot of natural resources (coal, iron, water)
Colonies gave access to raw materials

4. The Industrial Revolution in Britain
Spinning jenny and flying shuttle allowed cotton cloth to be made more quickly and cheaply
James Watt modified his steam engine to drive machinery.
Factory owners wanted to use their machinery constantly, so laborers worked in shifts and machines ran continuously.
Child labor was common.
Railroads were a key component of the Industrial Revolution and led to ongoing economic growth

7. The Mills

8. The Industrial Revolution in the US

9. Inventors/ Innovations
Robert Fulton:
Invention: steam boat
Impact: increased speed
John Deere:
Invention: steel plow
Impact: allowed farming of hard to farm areas
Cyrus McCormick:
Invention: mechanical reaper
Impact: quicker harvest
Eli Whitney:
Invention: interchangeable parts
Impact: increased use of factories in US North, helped increase use of mass produced goods
Invention: cotton gin
Impact: increased use of slaves in US South

10. Inventors/ Innovations
Alexander Graham Bell:
Invention: telephone
Impact: quicker communication
Thomas Edison:
Invention: electric light bulb
Impact: could work after dark
Samuel Morse:
Invention: telegraph
Henry Ford:
Innovation: assembly line for cars
Impact: cut down cost and time

11. Factories Workers: poor, in US often were immigrants
Working Conditions: long hours, dangerous, no workers compensation, low pay, child labor
Solutions: labor unions, limited government intervention, newspaper involvement

12. New Political Ideas Communism Socialism
Theory of Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels
Blamed industrial capitalism for the horrible conditions of industrial factories
Predicted an overthrow of the upper/middle class by the workers
Workers would:
Control the government and the means of production
Abolish social/economic classes
Socialism
Public ownership of the factors of production
Believed it would allow wealth to be more evenly distributed

13. Growing Cities
Cities across the world continued to grow, especially as more people moved from rural areas
Some improvements were made to make the cities better including:
Building & Health Inspectors
Sewage Systems
Availability of clean water

14. Video Clip

15. Changes for Women
Working: New jobs outside of the home opened with the 2nd Industrial Revolution
Marriage & Family: In much of the industrialized world women were still expected to center their life around marriage and children
Rights:
During the 1800’s some women began to argue for women’s rights to own property and to divorce their husband
By the mid 1800’s women also began to fight for the right to vote

16. Leisure
With changes in technology and life in the cities came new opportunities for leisure activities
Literacy rates also began to rise

17. Racism Social Darwinism: Anti-Semitism Racism in the US
Applied Darwin’s theory of natural selection to humans
Used by some nations as justification for imperialism
Used by some people as justification for racism
Anti-Semitism
Continued throughout Europe
Some Jews began the Zionist movement as a way to combat this persecution, calling for a separate Jewish homeland in Palestine
Racism in the US
After the Civil War racism continued to be a problem in the US
With the end of Reconstruction the South passed segregation or Jim Crow laws which continued until the mid 1900s