1. UNLOCKING ECONOMIC GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT POTENTIALS IN THE NILE BASIN: THE CASE OF TANZANIA

2. BY NGOWI, HONEST PROSPER, MZUMBE UNIVERSITY, DAR BUSINESS SCHOOL,TANZANIA.1

3. ABSTRACT:PAPER FOCUS:
WHAT HAS TANZANIA DONE TO UTILIZE ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES OFFERED BY THE NILE BASIN

4. 3 INTRODUCTION NILE BASIN COUNTRIES AS SLEEPING GIANTS
MANY OPPORTUNITIES (HUMAN, PHYSICAL & FINANCIAL RESOURCES) EXIST
THE RESOURCES NOT OPTIMALLY EXPOLITED
RESULT: HIGH POVERTY LEVELS AMIDST THE PLENTY OF RESOURCES 3

5. METHODOLOGY
LITERATURE REVIEW, ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS
OBSERVATION

6. TANZANIA AS A NILE BASIN COUNTRY
A SMALL, REMOTE PART OF TZ IS WITHIN THE BASIN
VERY IMPORTANT FOR DOWNSTREAM STATES: 49% OF LAKE VICTORIA, 61% OF LONG TERM AVERAGE RIVER DISCHARGE INTO LAKE VICTORIA’S CATCHMENT AREA COMES FROM TANZANIA
NOT OVERLY DEPENDENT ON ITS NILE BASIN WATER RESOURCES – HAS MANY OTHER WATER RESOURCES COMPARED TO DOWNSTREAM STATES

7. TANZANIA UTILIZATION OF THE NILE POTENTIALS
TURNING POINT AFTER THE 1961 INDEPENDENCE:
NYERERE DOCTRINE OF SUCCESSION OF STATES: INDEPENDENT STATES NOT BOUND BY TREATIES MADE BY THEIR FORMER COLONIAL MASTERS – INCLUDING THE 1929 NILE AGREEMENT 4

8. TZ UTILIZATION OF NILE POTENTIALS CONTINUES
PARTICIPATION IN RECENT NILE NEGOTIATIONS THROUGH NILE BASIN COMMISSION
AGREEMENT ON THE USE, DEVELOPMENT, PROTECTION, CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE BASIN AND ITS RESOURCES
BETTER THAN THE 1929 TREATY FOR UPSTREAM REPARIAN STATES

9. TZ UTILIZATION OF NILE POTENTIALS CONTINUES
MAJOR PROJECTS USING NILE WATERS IN TANZANIA
KAHAMA WATER PROJECT: PUMPING WATER FROM LAKE VICTORIA TO KAHAMA FOR DOMESTIC USE
USE IN THE MINING (GOLD & DIAMOND) INDUSTRY IN MWANZA AND SHINYANGA: KAHAMA MINING CORPORATION, GEITA GOLD MINE, ASHANTI, WILLIAMSON DIAMOND
INDUSTRIES, PLANTATIONS ALONG THE LAKE 5

10. TANZANIA INVOLVEMENT IN THE NILE COOPERATIVE EFFORTS
HYDROMET (HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL SURVEY)
ESTABLESHED IN 1967 TO STUDY, ANALYZE AND DISSEMINATE MET DATA ON EQUATORIAL LAKES AND RIVERS TO MEMBERS
ACCOMPLISHED: COMPREHENSIVE STUDIES OF KAGERA, NYANDO & KAFU BASINS – DEVELOPMENT POTENTIALS IDENTIFIED: IRRIGATION, HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER, EG. RUSUMO & KYANSORO FALLS 6

11. TZ INVOLVEMENT IN NILE COOPERATIVE EFFORTS CONTINUES
UNDUGU
IDEA FROM 1973 BY MOBUTU, FIRST MEETING IN 1983
TANZANIA HAD AN OBSERVER STATUS – LOST OPPORTUNITY (?)
OBJECTIVES: COOPERATION ON ENVIRONMENT, TELECOM, ELECTRIC POWER, TRADE & WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT ISSUES
FOLDED IN 1993, LITTLE SUCCESS

12. TZ INVOLVEMENT IN NILE COOPERATIVE EFFORTS CONTINUES
TECCONILE (Technical Cooperation Committee for Promotion of the Dvt and Env Protection of the Nile Basin)
FORMED IN 1992 TO FILL THE VOID LEFT BY HYDROMET, TZ AMONG FOUNDERS
AIMS: ASSIST DEVELOP NATIONAL MASTER PLANS AND INTEGRATE THEM INTO ACTION PLAN FOR THE ENTIRE BASIN, INFRASTRUCTURE DEVPT, WATER RESOURCES USE CAPACITY BUILDING

13. INVOLVEMENT IN NILE COOPERATIVE EFFORTS CONTINUES
KAGERA BASIN ORGANIZATION (KBO, 1977):
AIM: TO COORDINATE ORDERLY REGIONAL PLANING IN THE BASIN: 14 PRIORITY PROJECTS IDENTIFIED – TRANSPORT, COMMUNICATION, ENERGY, AGRIC, INFORMATION & TRAINING
NONE OF THE PROJECTS WERE IMPLEMENTED DUE TO LACK OF FUNDS, POLITICAL & ETHNIC PROBLEMS,
STUDIES/PLANS BY KBO (OVER 30) STILL OF MUCH VALUE TODAY

14. TZ INVOLVEMENT IN NILE COOPERATIVE EFFORTS CONTINUES
NILE BASIN INITIATIVE (NBI)
THE ONLY NILE BASIN-WIDE INITIATIVE OF ITS KIND. INCLUDES:
SHARED VISION PROGRAM: GRANT-BASED ACTIVITIES FOR ENABLING INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT
SUBSIDIARY ACTION PROGRAM (CONCRETE ACTIVITIES FOR LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT, ECO GROWTH & INTEGRATION)
NBI PRESENTS MANY OPPORTUNITIES TO UNLOCK GROWTH POTENTIALS IN THE BASIN

15. CONCLUSION TANZANIA HAS UTILIZED SEVERAL NILE BASIN OPPORTUNITIES
AS MANY OTHER NILE REPARIAN STATES, IT IS STILL AMONG POOREST COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD

16. POLICY IMPLICATIONS
NEED TO ENSURE MORE OPTIMAL AND BASIN-WIDE COOPERATIVE UTILIZATION OF EXISTING OPPORTUNITIES
NEED TO SUSTAIN THE CURRENT BASIN-WIDE COOPERATIVE EFFORTS (MOST OF THE FORMER COOPERATIVE EFFORTS WERE RELATIVELY SHORT-LIVED)

17. AREAS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH
INVESTIGATION OF WHY MOST FORMER COOPERATIVE EFFORTS WERE SHORT-LIVED
INVESTIGATIONS ON HOW TO SUSTAIN CURRENT BASIN WIDEN COOPERATION
INVESTIGATION ON HOW TO OPTIMIZE UTILIZATION OF THE MANY NILE BASIN RESOURCES FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION

18. THE END, ASANTE