1. Behind the scenes: software programming
Ashley Juniewicz

2. Why is programming important?
Customize computer to your needs
Troubleshoot issues on your own
Programming leads to innovation
Ashley Juniewicz

3. Ashley Juniewicz

4. System Development Life Cycle
The organized process used in developing an information system
Makes the process more universal
Less opportunity for errors
Fewer bugs
More efficient across networks
Ashley Juniewicz

5. Six Steps of SDLC Problem/opportunity identification Analysis
Taking advantage of an opportunity, correcting an existing error, making existing processes more efficient, etc.
Analysis
Explore need in depth; create program specification
clear statement of goals and objectives of the project
Feasibility assessment
Can this happen?
Define user requirements & recommend plan of action
Ashley Juniewicz

6. Six Steps cont. Design Development
Generate detailed plan for programmers to follow
Uses flowcharts, data-flow diagrams
Details software, inputs/outputs, backups/controls, and processing requirements
Evaluate existing software packages to determine if what they need exists or if they need to make something new
Development
Actual programming takes place
Technical writers begin documentation work
Data Flow Diagram – tracks data from data entrance to storage
Ashley Juniewicz

7. Six Steps cont. Testing and Installation Maintenance and Evaluation
Ensure program works properly
Install for official use
Maintenance and Evaluation
Performance is monitored (is program meeting needs?)
New errors are corrected
Updates and enhancements are made
Ashley Juniewicz

8. Programming What is programming?
The process of translating a task into a series of commands that a computer will use to perform that task
Involves identifying which parts of a task the computer can perform, describing those tasks in a highly specific and complete manner, and translating the description into a language the CPU can interpret
Ashley Juniewicz

9. Program Life Cycle Describing the problem Making a plan Coding
Develop a complete description of the problem
Identify task to be automated, describe how software will behave
Making a plan
Translate problem statement into a set of specific steps that describe what the program will do to complete the work
Also known as an algorithm
Coding
Translate algorithm into programming code
Must take into consideration what the CPU can do when creating this code
Ashley Juniewicz

10. Program Life Cycle cont.
Debugging
Programmers repair errors found in code
Testing and Documentation
Software is tested by programming team and users
Results are documented
Ashley Juniewicz

11. Programming Languages
First-generation language (1GL)
Actual machine language of CPU
Ex. Binary code
Second-generation language (2GL)
Aka assembly language
Use actual words that speak to CPU
Gives programmer direct control of hardware
Third-generation language (3GL)
Use symbols and commands to help programmers tell computer what to do
Examples: FORTRAN, BASIC, Java
Fourth-generation language (4GL)
Include database query languages and report generators
More powerful commands  more complex work done
Ashley Juniewicz

12. Programming Languages cont.
Structured query language
Database programming language
Technically a 4GL
Fifth-generation language (5GL)
Problem is presented as a series of facts, not an algorithm
Languages apply systems of logic rather than following specific algorithms
Ashley Juniewicz