1. Age of Jackson
Ch. 10

2. Election of 1824
the only political party was called the Jeffersonian Republicans
Four candidates ran in election of 1824:
William H. Crawford on the Republican ticket
Andrew Jackson (war hero), Henry Clay (politician from Kentucky), and John Quincy Adams (son of John Adams) as favorite son candidates
*favorite son candidates ran with the backing of their home states instead of a national party

3. Corrupt Bargain
Jackson received most amount of votes, but no one received a majority
12th Amendment says that House of Representatives chooses if no majority
Clay and Adams worked out a deal and Adams was elected President and made Clay the secretary of state
Jackson’s followers called the deal the “corrupt bargain” and accused Adams of stealing the election

4. History Channel Election of 1824 & 1828
Election of 1824 Story of US

6. John Q. Adams Presidency
Adams wanted to strengthen the Federal government and have it be more involved in the economy
His ideas upset most people outside of Washington and Congress turned down many of his proposals

7. Election of 1828 Nation had split into two political parties:
Democratic-Republicans who supported Jackson and favored states’ rights and were against a strong central government- included people from the west, immigrants, and laborers in the cities
National Republicans who supported Adams and wanted a strong central government and supported building new roads and a National Bank to help run the economy- included merchants and farmers
*Jackson won easily*

8. Jacksonian Democracy 1.
1.More men could vote, not just landowners, but free blacks lost the right to vote.
2.People choose party candidates, instead of party leaders.
3.Formed Democratic Party
Symbol of Democratic Party

9. Jackson’s Cabinet
Kitchen Cabinet: Advisers sometimes met in Whitehouse kitchen
Jackson rewarded some supporters with government positions.
“Spoils System”--- the saying:
To the victor belong the spoils-- valued goods---of the enemy.

10. Tariff Issue
North and South disagreed strongly on the issue of tariffs
1828 Congress passed a very high tariff on manufactured goods from Europe- most manufacturers were in the northeast
Southerners protested the tariff b/c it meant higher prices on goods

11. 1828 Tariff Issues

12. Nullification
Vice President John C. Calhoun argued that a group of states had the right to nullify a federal law it considered against state interest
Some started calling for the Southern states to secede

13. Webster-Hayne Debate
Senator Robert Hayne from South Carolina gave a speech defending the idea that states had the right to nullify acts of the fed. Gov. and to secede
Senator Daniel Webster argued that nullification could mean the end of the Union and secession was against the Constitution

14. Nullification Crisis
1832 Congress passed a lower tariff hoping the Southern protest would die down- it did not
South Carolina (led by Calhoun) passed the Nullification Act stating it would not pay the “illegal” tariffs and threatened to secede if the Fed. Gov. interfered
Jackson supported a compromise bill by Clay that lowered the tariff and made sure the south would accept it
Crisis b/t state and federal gov. was over

15. The Nullification Crisis

16. Indian Removal Act
Jackson supported relocating Native Americans to lands west of Mississippi R.
Indian Removal Act passed in 1830 and gov. promised to pay Natives to move
Cherokee Nation in Georgia refused to move and took case to Supreme Court

17. Indian Removal Act

18. Trail of Tears
Worcester v. Georgia ruled that state could not interfere with Cherokee and the Constitution protected Natives- Jackson disagreed and wanted Natives moved
General Winfield Scott and an army of 7,000 troops removed Cherokee on a long march west to the lands that had been set aside for them

19. Story of US Trail of Tears
Trail of Tears Student Documentary

20. Jackson v. Bank of the U.S.
Jackson attacked the bank for being an organization of the wealthy where the people had no control; run by private bankers
Nicolas Biddle, the Bank’s president, applied for a new charter from the Federal gov.
Jackson vetoed the charter and eventually called for the withdrawal of all government deposits from the Bank
Biddle was forced to close the Bank in 1836

21. Video - Jackson Censured in Bank War p.330

22. Whig Party
New political party that included former National Republicans and others opposed to Jackson
Ran against Martin Van Buren (Jackson’s V.P.) in 1836 election and were defeated
Panic of 1837 hit as Van Buren took office and Whigs were able to take the next election with William Henry Harrison, and then John Tyler becoming the next Presidents (Harrison died in office of Pneumonia after only 4 weeks)

23. The Whig Party