2. Vit D fat soluble vitamin vit D 2, vit D 3
Absorption of vit D 3in small intestine with aid of bile secretion
Synthesis of vit D by help of skin [sun light ] ,liver ,kidney
Vit D carries on globulin protein molecule to the liver & to kidney
Chemical name of vit D is calcitriol
Parathyroid hormone regulate calcium & phosphorus , also calcitonin secreted from thyroid gland enter in the process of bone mineralization

4. Rickets
is sever deficiency of vit D in children ,while osteo-malachia is deficiency of vit D in adult
Osteo-malachia occur mostly in women child-Bering age who get little exposure to sunlight or having poor diet ,or who have frequent pregnancies
Rickets most frequent in infant 6-18 months .
Vit D used treatment of osteoporosis .
Vit D stored in adipose tissue
** vit D toxicity lead to bone pain ,hyper-calcemia & failure to thrive .
source of vit D from fruits ,liver oils ,milk

6. Vitamin E ant sterility vitamin , aid in increase sexual powers
significant in human nutrition
pale yellow oil
insoluble in water
absorbed in bile with lipid
absorbed from small intestine
stored in liver & fat tissue

7. ** functions of vit E : help in formation of cell membrane
protect the cell membrane from damage , deficiency of vit E lead to damage of cell membrane in RBC so it broken ,loss of its content then hemolytic anemia will be developed

8. *vit E deficiency in adult lead to
{ neurological syndrome of vit E deficiency
spinal cord which affect walking & activity .
retina of the eye that damage vision
** vit E is important diet for pregnant & lactating mother
** vit E is the only one of fat soluble vits has no toxic effect on human
** vit E used in case of chronic pancreatic insufficiency & mal absorption
** food that contain vit E : vegetables ,oils ,nuts ,fruits ,cereals , meat

9. Vitamin K responsible for blood clotting
synthesize by intestinal bacteria [ flora]
vit K1 found in plant
vit K2 found in intestinal bacteria
vit K 3 water soluble doesn't require bile for absorption .
vit K absorbed from intestine to lymphatic system .then to portal circulation to liver
vit K stored in liver in small amount

10. major function of vit K synthesis of blood clotting factors in the liver
neonatology : the sterile intestinal tract of the newborn not well developed of bacterial flora ,so hemorrhagic disease of the newborn occur ,so prophylactic vit K immediately after birth should be given .
Anti -metaboiltes inhibit the action of vit K

11. vit K used as antidote of anticoagulant therapy
in case of mal absorption there is prolonged blood clotting
source of vit K comes from most vegetables especially green & in the liver .

13. Water soluble vitamins
** vitamin C :
found in lemon juice to prevent scurvy .
chemical name of vit c is ascorbic acid .
like glucose structure .
easily destroyed by alkaline , high temperature & o2
don’t cut vegetables into small pieces until time of use ,keep juice tightly closed .
easily absorbed from small intestine .
cows milk contains very little vit C .

14. **functions : Has role in cell metabolism .
Build & maintain body tissue { bone matrix ,cartilage ,connective tissue }
** high concentration of vit C found in :
Adrenal gland ,brain liver ,kidney ,pancreas ,thymus & spleen
Vit C has role in formation of RBCs
Vit C is necessary for syntheses of hormone as nor adrenaline
vit C play role in wound healing
vit c enter in formation of neurotransmitter of brain
vit C help in resistance of fever & infection
additional vitC required for growth during childhood ,pregnancy & lactation

16. * signs & symptoms of vit C deficiency :
*-weak capillaries ,& easily ruptured by trauma, bleeding gums [ gingivitis ]

17. Thanks