1. Why do business services locate in large settlements?
Ch. 12: Services
Why do business services locate in large settlements?

2. World Cities Ancient world cities Medieval world cities
Modern world cities

3. Hierarchy of Business Services
4 levels of cities
1)World cities (3 tiers)
London, NY & Tokyo (3)
Chicago, Paris, Sao Paulo (9)
Only 2 of 9 are in LDCs
Toronto, Manila, Madrid, Rio, Johannesburg, Sydney (22)

4. Hierarchy of World Cities
Fig : London, New York, and Tokyo are the dominant world cities in the global economy. Other major and secondary world cities play lesser roles.

5. 2) Command & Control centers HQ of TNCs, banking, education, etc.
Regional & subregional
American examples in text

6. 3)Specialized Producer-Service Centers
narrow/highly specialized variety of services
Car industry in Detroit
State capitals w/ university - Lansing
4)Dependent Centers
unskilled jobs
4 subtypes (resort/retirement, manufacturing, industrial/military, & mining)

7. Business-Service Cities in the U.S.
Fig : Below the world cities in the hierarchy of U.S. cities are command and control centers, specialized producer-service centers, and dependent centers.

8. Economic Base of Settlements
Basic vs. Nonbasic industries
Shift in concept of basic industry from original status as manufacturing to more service based
Distribution of talent – job opportunities, financial incentives, **cultural diversity

9. Economic Base of U.S. Cities
Fig : Cities that have a high proportion of their labour force engaged in the specified economic activity shown.

10. Geography of Talent
Fig : Cities with high levels of talent (scientists, professionals, etc.) are also often cities with high levels of diversity.