2. How do we charge an object?
A. Charging by rubbing
Positive (+)
Air
Human Hands
Rabbit’s Fur
Glass
Human Hair
Mica
Wool
Cats Fur
Silk
Aluminum
Paper
Cotton
Rubber Balloon
Hard Rubber
Gold/Platinum
Polyester
Vinyl
Saran Wrap
Negative (-)
Triboelectric Series
Electrostatic Voltages
Means of Static Generation
10 – 20 % Humidity
65 – 90 % Humidity
Walking across carpet
35,000
1,500
Walking across vinyl floor
12,000
250
Worker at bench
6,000
100
Vinyl envelopes for work instructions
7000
600
Common poly bag picked up from bench
20,000
1,200
Careful when you fill up your gas tank!

3. How do we charge an object?
A. Charging by rubbing
Conductors – charge will distribute around the surface to try
until equilibrium is achieved.
- charge only resides on surface, not inside.
On symmetric objects,
charge distributes uniformly
On non-symmetric objects,
charge collects at sharp points.
Insulators – charge cannot move,
so it remains localized
around the contact region.

9. The induction process is characterized by the following general features:
A charged object is needed to charge an object by induction. Yet there is never any contact made between the charged object and the object being charged.
Only conductors can be charged by the induction process. The process relies on the fact that a charged object can force or induce the movement of electrons about the material being charged.
The object being charged ends up with a charge which is the opposite of the object being used to charge it.
A ground must be used to charge on the object. The ground allows for electron movement into or out of the object being charged.