1. Changing Europe

2. Congress of Vienna 1815
European powers met to restore the balance of power in Europe after the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars
1st effort in the Concert of Europe
An agreement to support the political and social order that had existed prior to the French Revolution
Sought to supress revolutionary ideas

3. Liberals, Nationalists, and Conservatives
Conservatives favored returning to the old aristocratic ways
Liberals wanted written constitutions, natural rights for citizens, and a republic
Nationalists wanted those who shared a common heritage to have their own state

4. Uprisings in the Balkans
Serbia
Rose up against Ottoman rule from unsuccessfully
1815 spurred by a new Serbian identity the Serbs, helped by Russia assured autonomy within the Ottoman Empire and later independence
Greece
1821 Greece revolted against the Ottomans and by 1830 they gained their independence