1. Animal Taxonomy

3. Protists (2- Trypanosoma)
Systematic Position
Kingdom :Protista
Phylum : Sarcomastigophora
Subphylum : Mastigophora
Class : Zoomastigophora
Genus : : Trypanosoma
Speices: gambiense
Trypanosoma gambiense

4. Trypanosoma Intermediate host: insect (African tsetse fly (Glossina ))
Habitat in intermediate host: alimentary canal
Definite host: human.
Habitat in definite host: blood of man
Causes the disease: sleeping sickness.
General body form:
Means of locomotion: flagellum.
Feeding habits: absorbing the nutrient subs­tances from the host.
Reproduction: reproduce asexually by longitudinal binary fission.
Major characteristics: long slender, undulating a whip-like flagellum.
Trypanosome infect human via bite of vector organism the African tsetse fly (Glossina )

5. Life cycle of Trypanosome

6. Protists (3- Plasmodium)
Systematic Position
Kingdom :Protista
Phylum : Apicomplexa
Class : : Sporozoa
Genus : : plasmodium
Speices: malaria
plasmodium malaria
Trophzoite stage
Release of merozoites
Ring stage
Macrogametocyte
Microgametocyte
Formation of Merozoites

7. All apicomplexans are parasites of animals and some cause serious human diseases.
The parasites are tiny infectious cells (sporozoites) with a complex of organelles specialized for penetratingا host cells and tissues at the apex of the sporozoite cell. (hence called apicomplexans)
Most apicomplexans have life cycles with both sexual and asexual stages and often require two or more different host species for completion.

8. Formation of Merozoites
Plasmodium
Habitat: They live inside the cell (interacellular parasite) hidden
from the host immune system.
Causes the disease: malaria fever to man.- spends part of its life in mosquitoes and part in humans-
Vector: a mosquito belonging to the genus Anopheles.
The infective stage : are sporozoites
Life cycle: Ring stage, Trophozoite, Merzoites stage and Release of merozoites
Trophzoite stage
Release of merozoites
Ring stage
Macrogametocyte
Microgametocyte
Formation of Merozoites

9. Life cycle of Plasmodium

10. Protists (4- Paramecium)
Systematic Position
Kingdom :Protista
Phylum : : Ciliophora
Genus: Paramecium

11. Paramecium Means of locomotion: cilia
Habitat: freshwater ponds where decaying organic matter is abundant, feeding on it and on bacteria and other micro-organisms.
Reproduction: asexually by transverse binary fission, and sexually by conjugation .
Characteristics: the numerous cilia covering the whole surface of the body. They have two contractile vacuoles and two nuclei: a large oval macro­nucleus (for vegetative functions), and a small micronucleus (for reproduc­tion).
Paramecium: has cilia along the oral groovedraw in food that are engulfed by phagocytosis, and expels accumulated water from the contractile vacuole

12. Protists (5- Amoeba) Systematic Position Kingdom :Protista
Phylum: Sarcomastigophora
Subphylum: Sarcodena
Genus: Amoeba
Species: Amoeba
Nucleus
Food vacuoles
Contractile vacuole
Ectoplasm
Endoplasm
Pseudopodia

13. Most species are heterotrophs that actively feed on bacteria and other protists.
Other species are symbiotic, including some human parasites.
Amoeboid movement occurs by changes in microtubules and microfilaments in the cytoskeleton.
Pseudopodia activity is
directed toward food.
Most species are free-living
heterotrophs.
Some are important parasites.
These include
Entamoeba histolytica which causes amoeboid dysentery in humans.
These organisms spread by contaminated drinking water, food, and eating utensils

14. Amoeba Habitat: freshwater ponds. Means of locomotion: pseudopodia.
Reproduction mechanism: asexually by binary fission, and under unfavourable conditions it encysts.
Shape and characteristics: quite irregular in shape; the body changes its shape constantly with the formation and withdrawal of the pseudopodia.
Nucleus
Food vacuoles
Contractile vacuole
Ectoplasm
Endoplasm
Pseudopodia

15. The Summary