1. 1. To have finished the Revolution in Government bar chart
FLIP LEARNING
1. To have finished the Revolution in Government bar chart
The work due for today is…
Full extent
Large extent
Moderate extent
Small extent
No extent
Council (p.88)
Finance (p.89)
Monarch’s power (pp.89-90)
Parliament (pp.90-91)

2. Revolution in government No revolution in government
TASK: With a green pen, add anything you have missed
COUNCIL
Revolution in government
No revolution in government
Cromwell also came from a humble background – dad was a blacksmith. When he becomes Arch Bishop of Canterbury it is noted that he was a ‘ruffian… in his younger days’
COUNCIL
During Henry’s reign, the Royal Council (a large group of leading nobles, clergy and members of the King’s household) transformed into the Privy Council. This was a much smaller group of around 20 members.
The Privy Council contained mainly trained lawyers and administrators, rather than the traditional noble families.
There is a case to be made that this was in fact Wolsey’s idea, as early as and not Cromwell’s.
Other historians argue that these changes did not really begin until after Cromwell’s death in 1540.

3. Revolution in government No revolution in government
TASK: With a green pen, add anything you have missed
FINANCE
Revolution in government
No revolution in government
Cromwell created new financial institutions, including:
-Court of Augmentations (controlled the land once under the control of the Church)
-Court of First Fruits and Tenths (collected money previously sent to the Pope)
-Court of Wards (helped Henry to maximise his money from wardship)
Cromwell largely continued with Henry VII’s approach of managing finances from the Privy Chamber.
Henry VII had created a Master of the King’s Wards well before Cromwell’s creation of the Court of Wards.

4. Revolution in government No revolution in government
TASK: With a green pen, add anything you have missed
POWER OF THE MONARCH
Revolution in government
No revolution in government
The power of the monarch increased as Henry became Head of the Church: in the introduction to the Act in Restraint of Appeals (1533), Cromwell wrote that everyone owed the King (who was chosen by God) total obedience; all power derived from the King.
The Act of Union with Wales (1536) reorganised local government in Wales and the Marches, giving the monarch greater control.
An Act against Liberties and Franchises restricted the special powers of regional nobles, such as the Prince Bishop of Durham. 
The power of the monarch was immense even before Cromwell’s changes. These powers included significant influence over appointments to church positions and emergency taxation.

5. Revolution in government No revolution in government
TASK: With a green pen, add anything you have missed
PARLIAMENT
Revolution in government
No revolution in government
Parliament began to play a central role in the political system. This was because Henry needed it to agree to the various Acts confirming his Supremacy over the Church. It met for an unbroken period between 1529 and 1536.
By the end of this period, it was accepted that statute law (law made by Parliament with the King’s consent) represented ultimate authority in England.
The dissolution of the monasteries meant that abbots were no longer represented in the Lords. This meant clergy were in a minority in the upper house for the first time.
 Parliament was still dependent on the King. It could not call or prorogue itself. When parliament was not sitting the King could still govern by Proclamation. In the 1540s the King did not call Parliament frequently
The increase in the power of Parliament was only temporary: this was not a lasting change. It occurred only because Henry needed Parliament to enact his religious changes.
This is evident from Elizabeth I’s reign, during which Parliament’s role was very limited.
The Church, whilst not part of Christendom still had its own finance system and courts

6. To what extent was there a revolution in government overall?No
revolution
Complete
revolution
UNDERSTAND
the Elton vs. Starkey debate
EXPLAIN
what happened to government and parliament under Cromwell
EVALUATE
whether there was a revolution in government

7. Assess how convincing the argument in this extract is in relation to the existence of a Tudor revolution in government in the time of Thomas Cromwell
The changes in government under Cromwell were revolutionary, if that term may be applied to any changes which profoundly affect the constitution and government of a state even when no systematic and entire destruction was involved. The essential ingredient of the Tudor revolution was the concept of national sovereignty which Cromwell summarised in the Act of Appeals of 1533 by using the phrase ‘this realm of England is an empire’. Previous kings like Edward I had claimed to rule an empire but the meaning here is different. Instead of a claim based on ruling a large extent of land, the Act said that Henry was the ‘one supreme Head and King’. The royal supremacy over the Church virtually replaced the Pope in England by the King but the Reformation statutes demonstrate that the political sovereignty created in the 1530s was a parliamentary one. Cromwell’s administrative reforms – like the Privy Council – provided the machinery for the new state that he had started to construct.
Adapted from Geoffrey Elton, England under the Tudors, 1974
TASK: Complete the worksheet you have been given to decide overall how convincing you find this view.
UNDERSTAND
the Elton vs. Starkey debate
EXPLAIN
what happened to government and parliament under Cromwell
EVALUATE
whether there was a revolution in government

8. Assess how convincing the argument in this extract is in relation to the existence of a Tudor revolution in government in the time of Thomas Cromwell
The changes in government under Cromwell were revolutionary, if that term may be applied to any changes which profoundly affect the constitution and government of a state even when no systematic and entire destruction was involved. The essential ingredient of the Tudor revolution was the concept of national sovereignty which Cromwell summarised in the Act of Appeals of 1533 by using the phrase ‘this realm of England is an empire’. Previous kings like Edward I had claimed to rule an empire but the meaning here is different. Instead of a claim based on ruling a large extent of land, the Act said that Henry was the ‘one supreme Head and King’. The royal supremacy over the Church virtually replaced the Pope in England by the King but the Reformation statutes demonstrate that the political sovereignty created in the 1530s was a parliamentary one. Cromwell’s administrative reforms – like the Privy Council – provided the machinery for the new state that he had started to construct.
Adapted from Geoffrey Elton, England under the Tudors, 1974
UNDERSTAND
the Elton vs. Starkey debate
EXPLAIN
what happened to government and parliament under Cromwell
EVALUATE
whether there was a revolution in government

9. In what ways and how effectively was England governed under Henry VIII?
Good learning:
Understand what happened to Cromwell
Great learning:
Explain the growth in factionalism
Even better:
Evaluate how dominant factions were at the end of Henry’s reign
Key Words:
factionalism
How effectively did the Tudors restore and develop the powers of the monarchy?
In what ways and how effectively was England governed during this period?

10. The downfall of Cromwell
Whilst Cromwell saw success in terms of meeting Henry’s wish to divorce Catherine of Aragon (and breaking with Rome), he ultimately fell from power in It is important to remember that we are only looking at the government key question. Cromwell does a lot more than what we have looked at so far!
How did the fall of Cromwell come about?
How did Cromwell’s enemies help to secure his fate?
Why was Cromwell put to death?
Overall, what sort of person was Cromwell?
(43.59) AND Henry VIII textbook pp.105-8
UNDERSTAND
what happened to Cromwell
EXPLAIN
the growth in factionalism
EVALUATE
how dominant factions were at the end of Henry’s reign

11. How far did the fall of Cromwell reflect the wishes of Henry VIII?
Others
Henry VIII
UNDERSTAND
what happened to Cromwell
EXPLAIN
the growth in factionalism
EVALUATE
how dominant factions were at the end of Henry’s reign

12. What is factionalism? Use a green pen to improve your definitions
Write down your understanding of:
A faction
Factionalism
A group of people who work together to achieve something (normally competing with others)
A existence of 2+ factions
Use a green pen to improve your definitions
UNDERSTAND
what happened to Cromwell
EXPLAIN
the growth in factionalism
EVALUATE
how dominant factions were at the end of Henry’s reign
Note: in the context of Tudor England, factions are generally trying gain recognition from the King (Henry VIII)

13. Factionalism p
I am going to firstly show you how to make ‘cornell’ notes. I will show you how to convert the information on the conservative faction into notes that are efficient, and not just the textbook written out
You will then make Cornell notes on the reform faction, using the same approach I have taught you.
The notes need to cover
Beliefs
Key members
Wives of HVIII in your faction
Victories
Losses
Conservative p.108-9
Reform: p
Conservatives are dominant from
Reform faction are dominant from 1546 onwards
UNDERSTAND
what happened to Cromwell
EXPLAIN
the growth in factionalism
EVALUATE
how dominant factions were at the end of Henry’s reign

14. Factionalism ( )
Conservative Faction

15. Support the break with Rome, but opposed doctrinal changes
CONSERVATIVE ( )
REFORM ( )
Beliefs
Support the break with Rome, but opposed doctrinal changes
Support the break with Rome, but supported doctrinal changes
Key Men
Duke of Norfolk
Stephen Gardiner
Edward Seymour (Somerset!)
Archbishop Cranmer
HVIII’s wives
Catherine Howard
Catherine Parr
Victories
Six Articles of Religion (assert Catholic doctrine)
Fall of Cromwell
Catherine Howard marriage
Catherine Parr marriage
Edward Seymour & Scotland
Plot against Gardiner
Sir Anthony Denny – dry stamp
Losses
Loss of Catherine Howard
Plot against Cranmer
Plot against Catherine Parr
Norfolk’s arrest (+son)
Conservatives are dominant from
Reform faction are dominant from 1546 onwards
UNDERSTAND
what happened to Cromwell
EXPLAIN
the growth in factionalism
EVALUATE
how dominant factions were at the end of Henry’s reign

16. Factionalism and HVIII
Historians have debated what the growth of factionalism means for the power of King HVIII as a monarch…
Use p.108 and your knowledge of factions to fill the table with evidence that supports the two proposed arguments
Reflects a decrease in the power of the Monarchy
Does not reflect a decrease in the power of the Monarchy
UNDERSTAND
what happened to Cromwell
EXPLAIN
the growth in factionalism
EVALUATE
how dominant factions were at the end of Henry’s reign

17. The men who changed HVIII’s underpants…
You have been given an article that explains the role/influence of those in the royal court on HVIII.
Time will be given for you to complete the subheadings under each questions, after which we will feedback answers.
UNDERSTAND
what happened to Cromwell
EXPLAIN
the growth in factionalism
EVALUATE
how dominant factions were at the end of Henry’s reign

18. To what extent was England’s government fundamentally transformed in the years 1509 to 1547?
Using the information sheet you have been provided with I would like you to plan an answer to this question in the form of a fish bone diagram. You will need to plan out your answer both for and against and come to a conclusion on whether you think it was transformed or not.
Write out in full????

19. The work due in for next lesson is as follows:
FLIP LEARNING
TASK:
Complete the fish bone diagram on whether there was a transformation in government or not.
On the blog, print off the summary document on Henry VIII and government (in the revision section). There are some others you might also want to print too.
Continue working on your revision grids for both Tudors and America are up to date.
The work due in for next lesson is as follows:

20. To print

21. Factionalism ( )
Conservative Faction
Reform Faction