1. Visi Program Studi Sarjana Kesehatan Masyarakat FIKES UHAMKA:
“Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat FIKES UHAMKA pada tahun 2020 menjadi salah satu pusat pendidikan tinggi kesehatan masyarakat yang menghasilkan lulusan unggul di tingkat nasional yang memiliki kecerdasan spiritual, intelektual, emosional, dan sosial. “
LITERASI KESEHATAN
Definisi
Ruang lingkup
Urgensi
Tantangan ke depan
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3. Apa itu Literasi Kesehatan?
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4. Definisi
US Department of Health and Human Services, Healthy People 2010
“ Health literacy is the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions.”
Literasi kesehatan adalah sejauh mana individu memiliki kapasitas untuk memperoleh, memproses, dan memahami informasi dan layanan kesehatan dasar yang diperlukan untuk membuat keputusan kesehatan yang tepat. "
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5. American Medical Association
“ A constellation of skills, including the ability to perform basic reading and numerical tasks required to function in the health care environment.”
Konstelasi keterampilan, termasuk kemampuan untuk melakukan tugas bacaan dan numerik dasar yang dibutuhkan untuk berfungsi di lingkungan perawatan kesehatan. "

6. Antara Faktor Individu dan Sistem
Ketrampilan komunikasi para pihak terlibat.
Pengetahuan pasien terkait dengan penyebab dan faktor risiko penyakit dan dalam upaya mencari pengobatan.
Budaya (Bagaimana masyarakat berpikir tentang sehat, sakit dan pengobatan).
Kebutuhan terhadap pelayanan kesehatan dan sistem kesehatan masyarakat (Bagaimana mengakses pelayanan, pembayaran dan asuransi).
Kebutuhan terhadap konteks dan situasi khusus (stress, ketidakseimbangan fisik dan mental dan ketidaktahuan).
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7. Health literacy is NOT the same as:
Plain Language. Plain language is a technique for communicating clearly. It is one tool for improving health literacy.
Cultural Competency. Cultural competency is the ability of professionals to work cross-culturally. It can contribute to health literacy by improving communication and building trust.
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8. Pengukuran
Health literacy is a new component of the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL).
Nationally representative sample of more than 19,000 adults aged 16 and older in the United States
Assessment of English literacy using prose, document and quantitative scales
Tasks used to measure health literacy were organized around three domains:
Clinical: Filling out a patient form
Prevention: Following guidelines for age-appropriate preventive health services
Navigation of the healthcare system: Understanding what a health insurance plan will pay for
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9. Tingkatan Literasi
Proficient: Can perform complex and challenging literacy activities.
Intermediate: Can perform moderately challenging literacy activities.
Basic: Can perform simple everyday literacy activities.
Below Basic: Can perform no more than the most simple and concrete literacy activities.
Nonliterate in English: Unable to complete a minimum number of screening tasks or could not be tested because did not speak English or Spanish.
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10. Circle the date of a medical appointment on a hospital appointment slip. (101)
Give two reasons a person should be tested for a specific disease, based on information in a clearly written pamphlet. (202)
Determine what time a person can take a prescription medication, based on information on the drug label that relates the timing of medication to eating. (253)
Calculate an employee’s share of health insurance costs for a year, using a table. (382)
Below Basic
Basic
Intermediate
Proficient
500
Source: National Center for Education Statistics, Institute for Education Sciences
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11. Basic information about a colonoscopy, as perceived by a patient with limited literacy skills
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12. Ruang Lingkup Masalah
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13. Percentage of Adults in Each Health Literacy Level: 2003
Source: National Center for Education Statistics, Institute for Education Sciences
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14. Low health literacy is more prevalent among:
Older adults
People with low income
People with limited education
Minority populations
People with limited English proficiency (LEP)
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15. IOM Report (2004) Health Literacy: A Prescription to End Confusion
“Nearly half of all American adults--90 million people--have difficulty understanding and using health information, and there is a higher rate of hospitalization and use of emergency services among patients with limited health literacy.”
Recommendations:
develop and support programs to reduce the negative effects of limited health literacy
incorporate health knowledge and skills into the existing curricula of kindergarten through 12th grade and adult education and community programs.
develop culturally and linguistically sensitve programs to promote health literacy and health education
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16. According to the AMA:
21% of adult Americans are functionally illiterate, meaning they read at 5th grade level or lower
An additional 25% of adult Americans are marginally literate
This translates to:
90 million patients with low health literacy
and
$73 billion dollars annually in extra healthcare costs
due to unnecessary doctor visits, hospitalizations and longer hospital stays
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17. Urgensi
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18. Literasi terbatas, akan berdampak:
Locating providers and services
Filling out health forms
Sharing medical history with provider
Seeking preventive health care
Managing chronic health conditions
Understanding directions on medication
Understanding and acting on health-related news and information
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19. Low health literacy affects:
Health outcomes
medication errors
increased doctor visits and hospitalizations
Healthcare costs
Quality of care
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20. Tantangan
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21. Office of the Surgeon General
Health literacy improvement is one of the Surgeon General’s seven public health priorities.
“Health literacy is the currency of success for everything I am doing as the Surgeon General.”
—Dr. Richard Carmona in his speech to the AMA House of Delegates, June 2003.
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22. Healthy People 2010 Health Literacy Objectives
11-2. Improve the health literacy of persons with inadequate or marginal literacy skills.
11-6. Increase the proportion of persons who report that their healthcare providers have satisfactory communication skills.
DRAFT Not for Citation or Circulation

23. In the patient visit Use plain language and listen carefully
Use simple language and define technical terms – avoid medical jargon
Use the active voice
Break down complex information into understandable pieces
Organize information so the most important points come first
Use a medically trained interpreter if necessary
Check for understanding using the “teach-back” method
Ask open-ended questions
Use hand signals or visual cues
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24. Improve the Usability of Health Forms and Instructions
Revise forms to ensure clarity and simplicity.
Test forms with intended users and revise as needed.
Provide forms in multiple languages.
Offer assistance with completing forms and scheduling followup care.
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25. The Health Education and Adult Literacy Program (HEAL)
Community Pediatrics at Columbia University and New York Presbyterian Hospital in partnership with Community Health Workers at Alianza Dominicana
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26. Emphasis will be made upon the patients’ needs in order to help them…
The HEAL program will improve the health outcomes for parents and children in the outpatient pediatric clinics.
Emphasis will be made upon the patients’ needs in order to help them…
Enhance their understanding in regards to medication use
Increase their involvement in planning care
Improve their adherence to medical instructions
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27. HEAL Program Goals and Objectives
The HEAL program aims to decrease medication errors with treatments prescribed by pediatricians by improving health literacy in the population served.
We will develop, implement, and evaluate a culturally and linguistically appropriate curriculum targeted to community health workers, pediatric providers, and volunteers.
Objective 1: To develop culturally responsive health education material regarding medication adherence using the basic tenets of health literacy.
Objective 2: To train pediatric providers and CHWs to appropriately address low health literacy at different health care settings.
Objective 3: Implement the HEAL curriculum in four pediatric outpatient clinics in the Washington Heights/Inwood neighborhoods of Northern Manhattan served by NYPH and at the various programs served by the CHWI at Alianza Dominicana.
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28. Health Professional’s Role in HEAL
Identify patients with limited literacy levels
Use simple language, short sentences and define technical terms
Empathize with cultural background, ethnic and racial diversity of patients
Provide information in patient’s primary language
Offer assistance with the completion of forms
Ask open/ended questions
Use the “teach back method” to determine patient’s comprehension
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29. Resources
AHRQ Report—Literacy and Health Outcomes (2004):
Healthy People 2010 (2000):
Healthy People 2010 Health Literacy Action Plan— Communicating Health: Priorities and Strategies for Progress (2003): objective2.htm
IOM Report—Health Literacy: A Prescription To End Confusion (2004):
NIH Improving Health Literacy Web page: m
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