1. Show Mrs. Ryan yesterday’s work if your name is on the board!
Walk-In
Take out notebook, folder, pencil box and agenda.
Answer the question at the back of your notebook in sentences:
How does runoff and transpiration help the water cycle to keep repeating? (Hint: Look back at yesterday’s sheet!)
Show Mrs. Ryan yesterday’s work if your name is on the board!

2. Answer
Runoff is water that runs down mountains and hills, and goes into rivers, lakes and oceans. It helps keep the water cycle going because it helps refill bodies of water, so they can evaporate again.
Transpiration is evaporation from plant leaves, which keeps the water cycle going by the vapor rising, condensing into clouds, and falling as precipitation back to earth.

3. Groundwater and aquifers

4. Quick check for understanding!
Number your notebook page from 1 to 5.
Write the FIRST LETTER of the word you are choosing for your answer…

5. What process causes water vapor to change into clouds of droplets of water?
Evaporation, condensation or precipitation

6. 2. What process causes water to fall to the earth as rain or snow
2. What process causes water to fall to the earth as rain or snow? Evaporation, condensation or precipitation

7. 3. What process occurs when plants and trees do transpiration from their leaves? Evaporation, condensation or precipitation

8. Which of the following recharges or refills the water in lakes, rivers and the oceans?
Groundwater, runoff or infiltration

9. 5. Which of the following causes water to soak and seep into the soil and ground? Groundwater, runoff or infiltration

10. Learning target - Essential question
How does water get stored underground, and how can we access it?

11. Set up for 2-column notes
Slide headings on the left
Definitions on the right

12. Water stored underground in the soil or in the PORES (spaces) of rock.
groundwater
Water stored underground in the soil or in the PORES (spaces) of rock.

13. infiltration
Rainwater or runoff flows into the ground, and fills the spaces between the soil or rocks.
Draw this diagram on the right side column!

14. porosity
Measures how much empty space (or pores) there is in the soil or rock
Highly POROUS soil absorbs more water than low porous soil.

15. Rock that has a lot of pores and can absorb a lot of water.
Permeable rock
Rock that has a lot of pores and can absorb a lot of water.
Which one will absorb the most water and why?

16. Water cannot flow through it.
Impermeable rock
Water cannot flow through it.
Explain to your partner why the rocks on the left are IMPERMEABLE and those on the right are PERMEABLE.

17. Rock diagrams
Make a small diagram of each type of rock.
impermeable

18. How does infiltration help an aquifer to form?
Walk-In
Take out notebook, folder, pencil box and agenda.
Answer the questions at the back of your notebook:
How does infiltration help an aquifer to form?
Why do aquifers form in permeable rock?

19. answer
Infiltration causes water to soak into the spaces between soil and rock particles. As the water soaks, it starts to collect in areas above impermeable rock.
Aquifers form in permeable rock because it is POSSIBLE for water to flow through permeable rock. The water collects until the rock is SATURATED, or has absorbed all it can.

20. Learning target
Students will know how an aquifer forms, and what the water table measures in an aquifer.
Finish notes
Watch video clip
Draw and color code an aquifer diagram
Play Stump the Expert

21. Saturated means it is filled as much as possible.
aquifers
An underground layer of permeable rock that contains freshwater, or is SATURATED.
Saturated means it is filled as much as possible.

22. wells
A device that can pump water from an aquifer underground up to the surface.
Why is there no water in the impermeable rock?

23. 3% is FRESHWATER, but about 2% is frozen in ice- caps and glaciers.
Kinds of water
97% of Earth’s water is in oceans, and cannot be used because it is SALTWATER.
3% is FRESHWATER, but about 2% is frozen in ice- caps and glaciers.

24. Usable water
Of the 1% that is not frozen, 30% of it is found UNDERGROUND in aquifers!
It is very important that we don’t pump our aquifers dry because they take a long time to RECHARGE with rain and infiltration.

25. Measures the highest level of an aquifer.
Water table
Measures the highest level of an aquifer.

26. Water table level
High water table = lots of water recharged in the aquifer
Low water table = not much water stored in the aquifer

27. Watch this video about groundwater, aquifers and the water table.
Video clip
Watch this video about groundwater, aquifers and the water table.
Focus on what the water table measures and how humans use groundwater.

28. Permeable rock
aquifer
Impermeable rock
practice
On a LEFT SIDE page, draw and color code this groundwater diagram and label:
Permeable rock
Aquifer
Impermeable rock
Well
Water table