1. Phrases, Clauses, Simple Sentences and Compound Sentences
Phrases, Clauses, Simple Sentences and Compound Sentences

2. Students will be able to:
Learning Goal
Students will be able to:
Distinguish between phrases and clauses
Identify independent and subordinate clauses
Properly punctuate phrases and clauses
Use independent clauses and subordinate clauses to write the four sentence structures

3. Phrases VS Clauses
Let’s watch a little video to learn the difference between a phrase and a clause

4. General Definitions Predicate- verb and any other words related to it
Phrase-is a group of words that contains a subject OR a verb OR neither (NOT BOTH)
Clause-is a group of words that contains a subject and verb
Independent clauses express complete thoughts (can be sentences)
Dependent/Subordinate clauses cannot be sentences on their own

5. Independent Clause
Can stand by itself or with a dependent clause. Expresses a complete thought. Subject + Verb (no conjunction) Examples I ran. Fractions are fun. Pizza tastes good.
Video Lesson over
Independent Clauses

6. Dependent/Subordinate Clauses
Cannot stand by themselves. Do not express a complete thought. Subordinate Conjunction + Subject + Verb Examples Unless you want to go Because I care And you lose your cool

7. Subordinating Conjunctions (signal dependent clauses)
After Unless
Although Until
As When
Because Whenever
Before Where
If Wherever
Since While
Though
Short List Of
Subordinating
Conjunctions
Subordinating Conjunction Song

8. Counting Clauses
A new clause starts when a new subject is introduced. Watch for conjunctions, but finding subjects and verbs is more reliable. Example ` Since Doug studied, he did well on the test and was happy.

9. LET’S PRACTICE
Determine if the following clauses are INDEPENDENT (can stand alone) or DEPENDENT (cannot stand alone)
Remember: clauses have a subject and a verb
*Keep an eye out for “Sandras”!

10. Gina came into the store
Clause
independent

11. The running water
phrase

12. before a hurricane occurs
Clause
dependent

13. I took a quick jog
Clause
independent

14. since airports need room
clause
dependent

15. during the rainy season
phrase

16. SIMPLE AND COMPOUND SENTENCES
Learning Goal: Students will be able to write, use and properly punctuate the four basic sentence structures

17. Simple Sentence
A simple sentence has one complete subject and one complete predicate and it a complete thought.
Video Lesson over Simple Sentences

18. Simple Sentence We went to San Juan yesterday.
Observe how a simple sentence is constructed:
We went to San Juan yesterday.

19. Simple Sentence We went to San Juan . Pronoun Verb
Prepositional phrase
We went to San Juan .
Simple subject
Complete predicate

20. Simple Sentence
Tom and Mary
play tennis.
Compound Subject
&

21. Simple Sentence play tennis and swim. Tom and Mary
Compound Subject Compound Predicate
&
&

22. Compound Sentence
A compound sentence has more than one part that can stand alone (independent clauses).
Independent clauses are connected by coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS), conjunctive adverbs (words like therefore, moreover) or a semi-colon.
Video Lesson over Compound Sentences

23. Coordinating Conjunctions (join words, phrases, clauses)
FANBOYS For And Nor But Or Yet So

24. Videos over FANBOYS Punctuating FANBOYS
Using FANBOYS at the beginning of the sentence and punctuating FANBOYS

25. Compound Sentence We went to San Juan, and
most of us danced all night.

26. Compound Sentence We went to San Juan,
Subject
Verb
Prepositional phrase
We went to San Juan,
Predicate
Coordinating
Conjunction
and most of us danced all night .
Subject
Modifying phrase
Verb