1. Describe what is this picture showing.
Q.Q. 01/22/19
Describe what is this picture showing.

4. This is NOT Evolution
Darwin and others were not suggesting that man evolved from apes. They were suggesting that apes and humans share a common ancestor.

5. Q.Q. 01/23
Homologous anatomical structures provide evidence that the organisms are:
Are equally related to one another
Are not related to one another
Share a distant common ancestor
Share the same parents

6. Q.Q. 01/23
Homologous anatomical structures provide evidence that the organisms are:
Are equally related to one another
Are not related to one another
Share a distant common ancestor
Share the same parents
Prezi

7. See link for Evidence of Evolution #1,2,3
Prezi

8. Galápagos animals resembled species of the South American mainland more than animals on similar but distant islands
Evidence of Evolution #4: Geographic Distribution

9. What Darwin didn’t know
Evidence of Evolution #5: Molecular Biology
Molecular Bio provides some of the strongest evidence that organisms evolved from a common ancestor.
Organisms’ DNA shows that organisms are related by comparing amino acid sequences.
Example: Genome (DNA) sequencing shows that the great apes are our closest living relatives.
Chimpanzees and gorillas share around 98% of the same DNA sequences as humans.

10. Darwin’s Theory of Evolution through Natural Selection PART 1
Unit #6—Evolution
Darwin’s Theory of Evolution through Natural Selection
PART 1

11. “Evolution” = slow, gradual change over time

12. Earlier ideas on Evolution
Charles Lyell
Lyell’s idea was called “______________.”
uniformitarianism
The same geologic forces that were active in the past are still operating today.
Change is uniform over time.
Proposed that the Earth was millions of years instead of a few thousand years old

13. Jean Baptiste Lamarck (early 1800’s)
“The inheritance of acquired characteristics”
Differences among traits are due to the use or failure to use body structures
If a body part were used, it got stronger
If body part NOT used, it deteriorated.
First to propose that organisms are
adapted to their environment.
Example: Giraffe necks

14. TIME Modern day giraffes have longer necks.
Giraffes constantly stretched neck to reach treetops
Original short necked ancestor
TIME

15. SO Lamarck’s idea for HOW change occurred was DISPROVEN!!!
In other words, if you spend your entire adult life weight lifting and building up muscle mass,
.... your children will have big muscles, too.
SO Lamarck’s idea for HOW change occurred was DISPROVEN!!!
(NOT TRUE!)
If you lose a finger in an accident,
... your children will be missing a finger, too.

16. Lamarck’s Mistakes!!!
Genes are not changed by activities in life (acquired traits)
Change in genes is through mutation that occurs before an organism is born.

17. Thomas Malthus – Population Growth
If the human population grew unchecked, there wouldn’t be enough living space and food for everyone.
*Leads to competition and “survival of the fittest”
Death rate will increase to balance population size & food supply

18. Myths and Misconceptions of Evolution
Ted Ed
Myths and Misconceptions of Evolution

19. Ticket Out!
Answer the questions and turn in

20. The Galapagos Islands
1831 – 1836
Voyage of HMS Beagle

21. The Galapagos Islands-
Charles Darwin observed variations of same animal on different islands of the Galapagos
Slightly varying climates among the islands.
Unique animals found on islands:
Tortoises
Finches

22. The Galapagos Islands- Tortoise
You could tell which tortoise came from which island simply by observing its shell.
The “Galapagos” islands are named after the unique giant tortoises that live there.
*In Spanish, “galápago” means tortoise.

23. The Galapagos Islands- Finches
Finches had different types of beaks, adapted to their specific environment (seeds, nuts, berries, insects…)

24. From 1 species to 14 species…
Warbler finch
Woodpecker finch
Small insectivorous
tree finch
Large
insectivorous
Vegetarian
Cactus finch
Sharp-beaked finch
Small ground
finch
Medium
ground finch
Large ground
Insect eaters
Bud eater
Seed eaters
Cactus
eater
Warbler
Tree finches
Ground finches
EVOLUTION by Natural selection occurs
IF AND ONLY IF there is variation in a heritable trait, which increases an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce

25. Darwin’s finches REVIEW of his conclusions: Variations in beaks
differences in beaks in the original flock
adaptations to foods available on islands
Natural Selection for most fit
over many generations, the finches were selected for specific beaks & behaviors
Offspring inherit successful traits
accumulation of winning traits: both beaks & behaviors
Separate into different species
DELETE slide?

26. Common Descent Darwin’s idea of “Descent with modification”:
all living organisms are related to one another
Common Descent

27. Sources of Variation Mutation in gametes (sex cells)
A mutation is a change in the DNA of an organism.
Most mutations are NOT beneficial to the organism.
Some may become beneficial if the environment changes, provided they do not harm the individual. (ex. Giraffe’s neck)
tschwartz

28. Overproduction
Selection
Variation
Adaptation