1. EVALUATION IN CD PROGRAM
 Meaning
Purpose
Steps in evaluation
Models of evaluation
Program evaluators and the role

2. MEANING
 A process of making judgement on the worth of an implemented program.
Judgement is made by comparing what is seen/observed (evidence) with a standard criterion.

3. The meaning of evaluation is further strengthened by the following characteristics:
a. A continuous process - from beginning, midway, and final stage.
b. Evaluation is a learning process to the participants involved.

4. c. Evaluation is a process of measuring performance
c. Evaluation is a process of measuring performance. Therefore strengths and weaknesses are identified.
d. Can be measured quantitatively and qualitatively.
e. An ideal model of evaluation involves input-output-impact.

5. PURPOSE To see the achievement of objectives
* Data are collected on the
performance of the program

6. Analysis is done on the data, and it is compared with the statement of objective of the program
The result of the comparison is stated, eg. 90% or 80% of the objective is achieved.
The result is used for follow-up activities.

7. 2. As a proof for budget/resource utilization:
Most CD programs received budgets from sponsors (NGO), institutions)
Program participants must be accountable of the budgets used.

8. Change brought about by the program should be proven
Change brought about by the program should be proven. Evaluation results is one of the ways to prove the utilization of budget/resource.
Evaluation result is submitted to sponsor.

9. 3. Evaluation as Data Bank
Evaluation needs data that to be gathered continuously.
Data gathered through – eg. Survey, observations, are kept in the “data bank” that could be retrieved when needed.

10. A good evaluation should be based on up-to-date data (not obsolete data).
Example of data bank is Department of Statistics, who does continuous data collection on the various sectors of development.
Digital facilities (computer) facilitates the management of data for development.

11. 4. Evaluation as a Strategy in Management
Planning and implementation are both activities in management.
Management needs careful usage of resources.
Management needs on-going information about the program.

12. - Is the program formulated according to
 Management answers questions such as:
- Is the program formulated according to
the problems and interest of the
community?
- What activities should be prioritised?
- What should be the action if there is
natural calamity?

13. Evaluation as a Strategy for Program Improvement
From evaluation, weaknesses of the program are known.
Weakness means the gap between the present and the desired status.

14. Evaluation as a basis for follow-up activities:
Results of evaluation are used for future activities of the program.
Also used for reformation of policy in order to bring better impact.
For duplication purposes (similar program on different community and locality).

15. Evaluation as a means to get recognition

16. Steps in Evaluation Define the focus of evaluation
4. Report the result of evaluation
2. Collect data (evidence)
3. Analyse data and do judgement
Steps in Evaluation

17. Step 1 : Define the focus of evaluation
Answer the following questions:
What is the objective of evaluation?
What criteria and indicators in each criterion to be used?

18. What are the data (evidences), and the sources of the data?
Who are the evaluators (internal or external)?
How is the result reported, and for whom?

19. Step 2: Collect the data (Evidence)
It is done after criteria and indicators of criteria are known.
Data are collected similar to data collection techniques in situational analysis or research, e.g. Survey, observation, document reviews.

20.  Sources of Data:
Depending on objectives of the evaluation. If the objective is to see the impact of balanced diet program among children, therefore, the source of data is the children and the mother or parents.

21. Participants of the program
Program facilitators/CD workers/ social workers/implementors
Relevant reports such as meeting minutes.

22. Step:3 Analyse the data and do judgment
Basis of analysis is doing judgment is by comparing the present status of the program and what it ought to be
It is done one by one on the criteria or indicators of criteria

23. e:g : Balanced Diet Criterion – Participation Indicators –
i. Attendance in meeting
ii. Active participation
iii. Give feedback

24. Analysis and judgment can be done quantitatively and qualitatively
Qualitative – e.g. of criteria:
i) Appropriateness – according to
problems and needs
- Easy or difficult to follow
- According to mandate of organization

25. ii) Effectiveness – how is the achievement of objectives
- Impact on income or other
indicators
- Impact on community’s
psychological change such as
attitude, awareness and
knowledge

26. iii) Efficiency – is the program implemented according to the duration as planned? Delayed or faster?
How is the ratio of input and output?

27. iv) Significance – to community or organization
iv) Significance – to community or organization? Is it commensurate with the resources used?

28. Step 4: Report the Evaluation Results
Every one (participant) has the right to know the evaluation
Various forms of reports – academic (journal articles, papers) and non-academic (bulletin, news through mass media)

29. Reports are channeled to departments or ministries for policy formulation especially results that need immediate action
Some reports are made for sponsors – with certain specifications for reporting