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Properties of Waves & Interactions
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Wave Properties There are 4 properties of wave Amplitude Wavelength
Frequency Wave speed
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Wave Properties Amplitude
The maximum distance that the particles of a wave vibrate from the rest position. An other words from the rest position to the crest or from the rest position to the trough.
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Wave Properties Amplitude
Shows the amount of energy there is in a wave. The bigger the amplitude the more energy there is.
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Wave Properties Wavelength
The distance from any point on a wave to an identical point on the next wave. Generally measured from crest to crest on a transverse wave and from compression to compression on a longitudinal wave.
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Wave Properties Wavelength
The shorter the wavelength the more energy there is.
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Wave Properties Frequency
The number of waves produced in a given amount of time Measured in Hertz (Hz) 1Hz=1/s (1 wave per second)
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Wave Properties Frequency The higher the frequency the more energy
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Wave Properties Wave Speed The speed at which a wave travels V= λ x f
v – wave speed λ – wavelength f – frequency The wavelength and frequency of a wave in a certain medium depends on the wave speed not the other way around
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Wave Interactions There are 4 types of wave interactions Reflection
Refraction Diffraction Interference
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Wave Interactions Reflection
The bouncing back of a wave when it hits a surface. * NOTE: When waves hits a substance some of it is transmitted and some of it is reflected. Transmitted means to pass through This is why we can see objects and hear echoes.
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Wave Interactions Refraction
The bending of waves as they pass through different mediums that cause the speed of the wave to change. Prism
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Wave Interactions Diffraction
Change of direction of a wave when it hits an obstacle or edge. Sound diffracts well around corners Light does not diffract as much because their wavelengths are shorter
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Wave Interactions Interference When 2 or more waves combine
Two objects can’t occupy the same space at the same time, but waves can. There are 4 types of interference Constructive interference Destructive interference Standing waves Resonance
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Interference Constructive interference
When the crest and trough of different waves match They combine to make a wave with larger amplitude
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Interference Destructive interference
When the crest of one wave meets the trough of another The results are a smaller amplitude or no amplitude
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Interference Standing waves
When waves combined they look like they are standing still, but are not. It is a combination of constructive and destructive interference
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Interference Resonance
When 2 objects naturally vibrate at the same frequency. The sound produced by one object causes the other to vibrate. Body of a guitar resonates when the strings are strummed
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Bibliography Holt, Rinehart, Winston, North Carolina Holt Science & Technology, Holt, Rinehart, Winston, Orlando, 2005 Google Images, accessed 1/12/11
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