1. Internal Colonization: Blauner’s Definition
A pattern of domination characterized by:
Forced integration of the Indigenous people into the dominant society on terms controlled by the dominant society
Policies that constrain, transform, or destroy the culture of the Indigenous people.
Racism (a system of domination and justification)
Members of the Indigenous group are administered by members of the dominant group in such a way as to be managed and manipulated in terms of their ethnic status.

2. Other Aspects of Internal Colonization
Frideres
- Indirect Rule by DIAND through ‘puppet chiefs’
- Colour-based barriers to social mobility
- Exploitation of Indians for their labour
Ponting and Gibbins
- Inadequate preparation/resourcing of FN governments
- Economic underdevelopment
- Intemperate orientation toward risk by DIAND
- Manipulation of information as form of social control
- Overly rigid accountability requirements
- Obstructionism, rather than facilitation
- Socio-fiscal control (withholding of funds to shape behav.)
- Divide and rule tactics