1. RNA is a nucleic acid made of linked nucleotides.
Ribonucleic Acid
RNA is a nucleic acid made of linked nucleotides.

2. RNA is made up of nucleotides
RNA is made up of nucleotides. Each nucleotide is made up of three parts: a phosphate group,
a 5-carbon sugar
(ribose), and a
nitrogen-base.

3. RNA Molecule
RNA Base Pairing Rules:

4. RNA differs from DNA in 3 ways:
1. RNA consists of a single strand of
nucleotides; DNA has two strands
2. RNA contains the 5-carbon sugar
ribose; DNA contains deoxyribose
3. RNA has a nitrogen base called uracil
(U) instead of the base thymine (T)
found in DNA; uracil (U) is complementary
to adenine (A) in RNA

5. DNA vs. RNA *double stranded *deoxyribose *ribose *A, T, G, C
*single stranded
*ribose
* A, U, G, C

6. Three Types of RNA: mRNA – messenger RNA; carries the instructions
for making a protein
tRNA – transfer RNA; carries an amino acid on its
anti-codon to the ribosomes for assembly
into proteins
rRNA – ribosomal RNA; forms ribosomes

7. FROM GENES TO PROTEINS
DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, grow, and reproduce. To carry out these functions, DNA sequences must be converted into messages that can be used to produce proteins, which are the complex molecules that do most of the work in our bodies.

8. Gene Expression or Protein Synthesis is the process by which proteins are made based on the information encoded for on the DNA molecule. It includes the two processes listed below.
Transcription – a process in which instructions for making a protein are transferred from DNA to an mRNA molecule; occurs in the nucleus
Translation – the process of reading the instructions on the mRNA molecule and putting together the amino acids that make up the protein; occurs in the cytoplasm on a ribosome

9. Protein Synthesis Occurs in the nucleus.
Occurs in the cytoplasm on a ribosome.

10. Protein Synthesis m DNA occurs in the nucleus Gene Expression
occurs on
a ribosome in the cytoplasm