1. Global Conflict HSCE 7.2.1 Ch. 29 sec. 3
*More than Europe involved---Australia, India, & Japan were Allies’ side.
--Ottoman Turks, Bulgaria hooked up w/ Central Powers
*Gallipoli Campaign---effort to take the Dardanelles
--page 851 in text!
*Asia & Africa get taken away from Germany---
--go after Germany’s colonial possessions
--Japan wipes out Germ.’s China colonies & the Pacific islands
--English & French take out Germ.’s African colonies

2. America Joins the Fight
*1917—Germans announce plan of unrestricted submarine warfare---German u-boats would sink any ship around Britain without warning.
--Lusitania---British passenger ship sunk by U-boats
--1,198 people killed— 128 U.S. citizens!
--Americans are outraged---Pres. Wilson sends formal protest to Germany
--After TWO more attacks, Germany finally agreed to stop attacking neutral and passenger ships
* Germany continues sub warfare—thought a naval blockade of England would work before the U.S. could mobilize
**Germany knew continued warfare on ships would bring the U.S. into the fight......she didn’t care! Germany sinks THREE more American ships!!!!!

4. The Zimmerman Telegram
*Arthur Zimmerman----Germany’s foreign secretary
-U.S. officials intercepted a telegram written by Zimmerman to Mexico---said Germany would help Mexico reconquer the land it lost to the U.S. if Mexico would help Germany & beat the U.S.
--last straw for America! April 2, 1917, Wilson asked Congress to declare war on Germany and take sides w/ the allies.
**By the time the U.S. joins the war, it has been going for three years---Europe had lost more men in battle than in all of the wars of the previous three centuries!!!

5. *

6. *Total war---countries devoted all their resources to the war effort.
--Britain, Germany, Austria, Russia, France----the entire force of govt. was dedicated to winning the war.
--Govt. took control of the economy and told factories what to make and how much---all for war
--everybody worked—almost ZERO unemployment!
*Rationing—people could only buy small amounts of items that were needed for the war effort.
*Propaganda---using one-sided info designed to persuade and keep morale and support for the war.
--Governments would censor anything that could hurt their chances of winning the war.

7. *Women were HUGE aspect in winning the war….
-replaced men in factories, offices, shops
-built tanks, munitions
-plowed fields, paved streets
-ran hospitals
-kept troops supplied w/ food, clothing, and weapons
-were on the frontlines as nurses in combat
*March 1917—Russia pulls out of war….Czar gets ousted from power and new leadership signs a peace treaty w/ Germany
*Germany has only the Western Front now to worry about
--German final assault pushes almost all the way to Paris……..but…..German army was weakened big time

8. *The Americans counterattack w/ more than 2 million soldiers and 350 tanks.
--Allies begin moving toward Germany
--Bulgarians & Ottoman Turks surrendered….
--Austria-Hungary faced a revolution…….German soldiers mutinied and turned on the Kaiser…He steps down….Germany declares itself a republic.
--New German leader signs an armistice---agreement to stop fighting on November 11, end of World War I