1. USEFUL EXPRESSION (2) : PURPOSE
1. In a more formal style, we use in order to or so as to express purpose.
so as to
Christy took a bus get there in time.
in order to

2. USEFUL EXPRESSION (2) : PURPOSE
*In negative sentence, we can use so as not to or in order not to, but we cannot use not to alone.
so as not to He took a taxi be late for his plane.
in order not to
Wrong: He took a taxi not to be late for his plane.

3. USEFUL EXPRESSION (2) : PURPOSE
2. We can use for + noun/noun phrase to
talk about a person‘s purpose.
She went to the restaurant for lunch.
Wrong: She went to the restaurant for
having lunch.

4. USEFUL EXPRESSION (2) : PURPOSE
We use either a to-infinitive or the structure for + gerund to talk about the purpose or function of a thing.
to open
We use this pair of scissors letters.
for opening

5. USEFUL EXPRESSION (2) : PURPOSE
3. We can also express purpose by using so
that/in order that + can/can‘t, will/won’t.
I take exercise every day so that I can
keep fit.
I avoid rice so that I won‘t gain weight.

6. USEFUL EXPRESSION (2) : PURPOSE
We use so that/in order that + would/
wouldn’t, could/couldn’t for a past
purpose.
She got up early so that she wouldn‘t
miss the first ferry.

7. USEFUL EXPRESSION (2) : PURPOSE
4. We use in case and for fear that to refer to an action which is carried out as a precaution against something.
in case
He took an umbrella it should rain.
for fear that

8. USEFUL EXPRESSION (2) : PURPOSE
Answer to exercises:
(2) purpose
2. She put on her coat before going out so as not to
catch cold.
3. They spoke quietly in order not to disturb me.
4. She always sets her alarm clock before going to
bed in order that she will not be late for school.

9. USEFUL EXPRESSION (2) : PURPOSE
5. I‘ll give you my phone number so that you can
contact me.
6. You‘d better take your coat with you in case it
gets cold.
7. He refrained from making the remark for fear that
he should offend her.
8. She got home early so that her parents would not
worry about her.