1. Types of Industry & Natural Resources
How is our future tied to our ability
to manage our resources and economy?

2. Guess where more Canadians work?
Do more Canadians work in agriculture or in education?
Agriculture employed 277,200 people in 2018
Education employed 1,325,400 people

3. Guess where more Canadians work?
Do more Canadians work in manufacturing or retail?
Manufacturing employed 1,728,400 people in 2018
Retail employed 2,794,600 people

4. Guess where more Canadians work?
Do more Canadians work in construction or in healthcare?
Construction employed 1,437,500 people in 2018
Healthcare employed 2,406,700 people

5. Most Canadian workers are not lumberjacks, farmers, or miners; nor are they factory workers.
Instead, most Canadians have jobs in which they provide an enormous range of services.
But all parts of the economy are vital…

6. 5 Types of Industry

7. Primary Industry
An industry that extracts or harvests products (natural resources) from the earth
Contributes about 6% of GDP
Forestry
Farming
Mining / Oil and Gas extraction
Fishing

8. Canada is… one of the world’s largest suppliers of wheat and grains
the 2nd largest exporter of forest products
One of the world’s largest exporters of seafood
One of the world’s top exporters of oil and gas

9. Secondary Industry
An industry that uses raw materials to manufacture products
Located near cities and major transportation routes (need access to raw materials, markets and workers)
auto assembly plants
metal working
textile production
construction
food processing
etc

10. “Blue Collar Jobs”
Manual, physical jobs, usually in the trades, often they require an apprenticeship

11. Tertiary Industry (Service Sector)
An industry that provides services
It employs about three quarters of Canadians and accounts for 70% of GDP
healthcare, schools
retail, restaurants
transportation, trucking
entertainment, media
insurance, banking
tourism
law

12. “White Collar Jobs”
Professional jobs, often in an office setting, often require university education

13. Quaternary Industry (Knowledge Sector)
An industry that is knowledge- based, such as:
Scientific research
Professors
Education
Information technology
Statisticians

14. Quinary Industry
The highest level of decision makers, they have special and highly paid skills
Called ‘gold-collar jobs’, as opposed to just ‘white collar jobs’
Government officials
Financial and legal consultants
CEOs

15. Canada’s Changing Economy
What has been the trend for each category over the years?
Which category has changed the most?

16. Employment by Industrial Sector, 2018

17. Who does Canada trade with?
Who do we import from?
Who do we export to?
USA
China
Mexico
Germany
Japan
USA
China UK
Japan
Mexico

18. What Do We Import/Export?
We export
Cars
Computers, industrial machinery
Food and beverages
Pharmaceutical products
Plastics
Steel
Furniture
Oil and other fuels
Cars, car parts
Lumber
Aircraft, space craft
Diamonds, precious metals like gold
Paper goods
Electrical equipment
Fish & shellfish
Wheat

19. Natural Resources
Primary Industry, Raw Materials

20. What is a Natural Resource?
A natural resource is a material found in the natural environment that can be put to use by humans.
Put to use?
Source of energy
Make products
Essential for life, safety, protection
Food

21. 1) Renewable Resources
: Resources which replace themselves naturally within a few months or years
Eg. farming, trees, fish, fresh water, solar energy

22. 2) Non-Renewable Resources
: Resources that form slowly or do not naturally re-form in the environment. Once used, these cannot be replaced (or at least, not for millions of years).
Eg: gasoline, coal, natural gas, diesel, minerals

23. Rethinking Our Use of Resources

24. Rethinking by Individuals
How can I use resources wisely while maintaining, or even improving, my quality of life?
We can choose to reduce, reuse, recycle
We can choose hybrid or electric cars
We can vote for a government that will pass more stringent laws that protect the environment

25. Rethinking by Companies
Increasingly, having an environmentally friendly corporate attitude is also good for profits
Example: Seventh Generation makes environmentally friendly, biodegradable laundry detergent, trash bags and diapers
They take their name from an Iroquois law that says, “in our every deliberation we must consider the impact of our decisions on the next seven generations.”

26. Rethinking by Governments
Governments can do 2 main things to help protect resources, use a carrot (reward) or a stick (punishment)
Examples of carrots:
Tax rebates for using blue bins
Incentives for people who buy an electric car
Examples of sticks:
You have to pay a fee if you have too many garbage bags at the curb
Car companies have to pay a fee if their cars are wasteful of gas