1. ADAPTATIONS
NOTES

2. Name the 5 basic needs of all organisms:
Oxygen
Food
Water
Living space
Proper temperature

3. What is adapting?
To change in order to make “fit” or suitable for an environment.

4. adaptation
An ____________ is any body structure or behavior that helps an organism survive
Two Types: structural & behavioral

5. Structural Adaptations: Physical characteristics that help an organism to survive.

6. Behavioral Adaptations: Activities performed by an organism to help it survive.

7. Camouflage
____________________ is an adaptation where an animal can hide by blending in with its surroundings.

8. Mimicry is an adaptation where one organism imitates another organism.

9. An instinct is a pattern of behavior that requires no thinking
An instinct is a pattern of behavior that requires no thinking. Organisms know how to do this from birth.

10. Migration is an instinctive behavior in which some animals move from one place to another for a period of time.

11. Hibernation is an instinctive behavior in which some animals spend the winter in an inactive condition.

12. A learned behavior is a behavior that an animal learns through experience.

13. Is the adaptation structural (S) or behavioral (B)?

14. A polar bear’s fur
STRUCTURAL

15. A bat eared fox’s big ears
STRUCTURAL

16. Penguins huddling together to stay warm
BEHAVIORAL

17. A moth’s eyespots on its wings
STRUCTURAL

18. Xylem in plants
(tube that carries water to top of plant)
STRUCTURAL

19. Geese flying south for the winter
BEHAVIORAL

20. A dormouse hibernating for the winter
BEHAVIORAL

21. Birds having hollow bones
STRUCTURAL

22. Jacana birds build floating nests
BEHAVIORAL

23. A zebra’s stripes help it to hide
STRUCTURAL

24. Sharp claws on a badger help it to dig
STRUCTURAL

25. How do organisms survive when the ENVIRONMENT changes?
As a population, they have to adapt …or else!

26. Natural Selection Over time, populations change naturally
Gradual process
No human involvement
Beneficial traits- become more common
Harmful traits- become less common (and eventually disappear)

27. Example:
Forest trees have both orange and green beetles crawling on leaves. Birds flying over forest trees spot the orange beetles and eat them. The birds don’t eat the green beetles. Over time, orange beetles will eventually become extinct while the green beetles continue to survive and reproduce.
Why didn’t the birds eat the green beetles?
Which color trait was “beneficial” to have?
Which color trait was “harmful” to have?

28. Selective Breeding
Humans select specific organisms to breed together, in order to get certain “desirable” traits
Humans control this process!!!
Often done by a professional breeder
Types of animals are known as breeds, while types of plants are known as varieties
Examples?

29. Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide!
Cabbage Varieties
Leafy Sea Dragon

30. Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide!
Bengal Cat
Teosinte (Corn)

31. Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide!
Liger
Puggle

32. Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide!
Zebra (stripes)
Eyes that rotate in all directions

33. Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide!
Black and white moths
Camouflaged Lizard

34. READY
for the
ANSWERS!

35. Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide
Leafy Sea Dragon
SELECTIVE
BREEDING
NATURAL SELECTION
Cabbage Varieties

36. Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide
Tesonite (Corn)
Bengal Cat

37. Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide
Liger
Puggle

38. Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide
Eyes that rotate in all directions
zebra
NATURAL SELECTION
NATURAL SELECTION

39. Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide!
Black and white moths
Camouflaged Lizard
NATURAL SELECTION
NATURAL SELECTION