3. Studies on executive function & attention post-concussion Extent of injury in developing brains (adolescents) compared to adults? Greater risk of subsequent injury w/ premature return to sport

4. Subtle deficits can persist, despite self report Decline in academic performance Body movement, gait Task-shifting

5. Recovery N=134 High School Male Football Athletes WEEK 1 WEEK 2WEEK 3 WEEK 4 WEEK 5 40%RECOVERED 60%RECOVERED 80%RECOVERED Collins et al., 2006, Neurosurgery

6. Cognitive effects of one season of head impacts in a cohort of collegiate contact sport athletes: What lifestyle factors might delay cognitive decline/ dementia?; McAllister et al. (assigned reading)

7. Millions suffer brain injury each year Many are sub-concussive injuries Test effect of repetitive traumas over season of collegiate sports 214 football & hockey players 45 non-contact sport players

8. ImPACT, neuropsychological, cognitive testing Pre & post season Head impacts measured via HIT helmets Rotational & linear acceleration Location, force of impacts Average 469 impacts

9. Significantly higher % of contact athletes performed below predicted postseason score Subgroup w/ cognitive impact - higher magnitudes/frequencies No differences pre-season Suggests lack of residual effects Confounds?

11. Reading: Human/machine interfaces for recovery of function http://news.brown.edu/pressreleases/2011/03/braingate

12. Implantable, rechargeable, wireless brain sensor - signals from 100 neurons in vivo Freely moving Natural cognitive behaviors Connections betw/ multiple sensors Transition to human research, assistive tech

13. Mapping brain connections Fiber pathways 100 billion neurons, trillions of connections Abnormalities may underlie psychiatric, cognitive disorders

14. Kismet

15. Create cognition in learning robot Reasoning, decision making Perceptual, attentional skills Complex motor coordination Language, communication Act in the real world - learning

16. Interest in modeling human emotion Developing & expressing emotion in interaction w/ humans

17. Postures, gestures & movements (non-verbal) Modeled on early attachment behaviors Learn as children do Dr. Cañamero, University of Hertforshire

18. Adapt to actions/moods of caregiver Preference, attachment Learn via feedback, strengthen bond Shared experience, memory Express variety of emotions Chooses when to display

19. Companions for elderly, ill Social learning for autistic children Support for hospitals, treatment centers Reduce anxiety Interact w/ children

20. Non-verbal cues for trustworthiness, dishonesty Arm placement Facial movements Prisoners Dilemma Response to human vs. machine Cyn­thia Breazeal, MIT Dr. DeSteno, Northeastern University

21. Can robots form social bonds, relationships w/ human counterparts? Results suggest humans willing & able to assign moral intent to Nexi The uncanny valley