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of Hadronization in Nuclei

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1 of Hadronization in Nuclei
Quark-hadron Duality of Hadronization in Nuclei Xin-Nian Wang LBNL The study of modified fragmentation came out of the desire to under the structure of dense and hot matter First Workshop on Quark-Hadron Duality and the Transition to pQCD Frascati, June 6-9, 2005

2 Quark-hadron Duality QCD hadrons from Mars quarks from Venus
Hadrons and quarks as individual identities are very different,… In the context of duality here, the question is whether they can both be used to describe the same phenomenon, one more efficiently than others depending on the problems

3 Quark scattering or hadron absorption?
Hadronization inside nuclei Hadron absorption Quark propagation and scattering, Hadronization outside the nuclei

4 Conclusions Never promise any great ideas!

5 Quark Fragmentation Function
e+e- annihilation q S Collinear factorization

6 DGLAP Evolution Splitting function

7 DIS off Nuclei e- Frag. Func.

8 Multiple Parton Scattering
Formation time

9 Multiple Parton Scattering
Generalized factorization: (LQS’94) Collinear expansion:

10 Collinear approximation
First term Eikonal  Double scattering

11 Modified Fragmentation
Guo & XNW’00 Modified splitting functions Two-parton correlation: LPM Virtual correction important. Note the correlation length enters here

12 Twist Expansion

13 HERMES data E. Wang & XNW PRL 2000 in Au nuclei

14 Energy Dependence

15 Conclusions Never promise any great ideas! Leading hadrons suppressed in DIS eA, agrees well with multiple parton scattering

16 Di-hadron fragmentation function
Majumder & XNW’04 h1 h2 jet

17 DGLAP for Dihadron Fragmentation

18 Medium Modified Dihadron
Triggering h1 D(z1,z2)/D(z1)

19 Higher orders or hadron absorption?
Hadron formation time: protons

20 Conclusions Never promise any great ideas! Leading hadrons suppressed in DIS eA, agrees well with multiple parton scattering Higher twists might be important Hadron absorption likely at lower energies

21 Angular distribution of radiative gluons
Radiation in vacuum Induced Bremsstrahlung: Dihadron correlation in relative transverse momentum

22 Jet Quenching in Heavy-ion Collisions
Azimuthal asymmetry f jet1 jet2

23 Abnormal angular distribution
STAR PHENIX

24 Parton Energy Loss Quark energy loss = energy carried by radiated gluon Asymptotic form of parton energy loss

25 Conclusions Never promise any great ideas! Leading hadrons suppressed in DIS eA, agrees well with multiple parton scattering Higher twists might be important Hadron absorption likely at lower energies Initial gluon density in Au+Au is about 30 times higher than cold nuclei Multiple hadron correlations critical measurements

26

27

28 Flavor of Jet Quenching
Parton recombination

29 A Perfect Fluid ? Hydrodynamic model with zero viscosity
Weakly colored Bound states String theory AdS5/CFT Policastro,Son,Starinets

30 Bulk Elliptic Flow Pressure gradient anisotropy Hydro-dynamics calc.
Self quenching

31 High density at RHIC GeV
From RHIC high pT data: single & di-hadron, v2 GeV for E=10 GeV Initial (energy) density 30 (100) times of that in a Cold Au Nucleus Energy density is about 100 times that of that in cold nuclear matter Consistent with estimate of initial condition also consistent with hydrodynamic analysis of radial flow from

32 Parton Energy Loss Same-side jet profile Same-side jet cone
remains the same as in pp collision Hadron rescattering will change the correlation Between leading and sub-leading hadrons

33 Geometry of Heavy Ion Collisions
x z y EZDC ET ET Centrality of the collisions Impact Parameter (b) EZDC In heavy ion collisions, you are colliding two extended objects.

34 No jet quenching in d+Au
Initial state effect: Shadowing & pt broadening: XNW, PRC61(00)064910

35 Azimuthal Anisotropy II
Azimuthal Mapping of jet quenching 20-60% STAR preliminary out-plane In-plane

36 High pT spectra in A+A collisions
pQCD Parton Model

37 Single hadron suppression

38 Comparison with Monte Carlo

39 Energy Loss of A Heavy Quark
B. Zhang & XNW’03 Dead cone effect

40 Jet Quenching at RHIC XNW’03

41 Mono-jet production

42 Suppression of away-side jet
20-60% STAR preliminary Di-hadron invariant mass spectra

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