1. LS.4 Classification
The Student will investigate & understand how organisms can be classified

2. Describe the word. Give an example. Draw a picture Snapshot
What is classification?
Describe the word.
Give an example.
Draw a picture

3. Snapshot an animal and a plant? unicellular & multicellular organisms?
What is the difference between:
an animal and a plant?
unicellular & multicellular organisms?

4. Snapshot _________ have an exoskeleton.
_________ having stinging cells.
_______ have a nerve chord
________ is putting organisms in groups according to similarities or differences.
________ are the segmented worms.

5. Snapshot
Compare and contrast Chordates & Arthropods

6. Snapshot Place these organisms in the correct kingdom & phyla: 5. 1.6. 2. 3. 7. 4. 8.

7. What is Classification?
Grouping organisms according to similarities and differences

8. Hierarchy of Classification (Levels)
Organisms are sorted into larger groups and then break those down into smaller and smaller groups (taxons):
The largest and broadest is the Domain
Archae
Bacteria
Eukarya
Each Domain is made up of kingdoms
4 Main ways to group organisms

9. 1. Ability to Survive in Extreme Conditions
Very hot
Very salty
Very acidic
Domain
Very Hot
Very Salty
Very Acidic
Archae
Yes
Bacteria No
Eukarya

10. 2. Presence or Absence of Cellular Structures
Nucleus
If it does = eukaryote: animal, plant, fungus, or protist
If not= prokaryote: archaebacteria or eubacteria
Mitochondria
Cell wall-- plant or fungus
Domain
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cell Wall
Archae No
Yes
Bacteria
Eukarya
Some Do

11. 3. How they get their food Heterotroph= Eat or absorb food
Autotroph= Make own food
All have some kingdoms that do and some that do not
Domain
Heterotroph
Autotroph
Archae
Yes
Bacteria
Eukarya

12. 4. Number of Cells unicellular or multi-cellular
uni= bacteria, fungus, protist
multi= plant, animal, fungus, or protist
Domain
Uni or Multi
Archae
Uni
Bacteria
Eukarya
Uni- or Multi-

13. Hierarchy of Classification
Largest
Didn’t
Ken
Pour
Coke on
Freddie’s
Good
Shoes
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Smallest
The smallest group with the most in common is the species
Group of organisms that interbreed under natural conditions and produce offspring that can reproduce

14. Domain= Kingdom + Kingdom + Kingdom
Kingdom= Phylum + Phylum + Phylum
Phylum= Class + Class + Class
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

15. Kingdom Vs. Species
Animal Kingdom
Human Species

16. Hierarchy of Classification

17. Classification Video

18. Kingdoms 1 Archae Kingdom 1 Bacteria 4 Eukarya Kingdoms
6 kingdoms (number can change)
1 Archae Kingdom
Archaebacteria
1 Bacteria
Eubacteria
4 Eukarya Kingdoms
Animalia (Animal)
Plantae (Plant)
Fungi
Protista

19. Comparing Kingdoms Kingdom Uni- or Multi- Food Move? Nucleus?
Cell Wall
Ex.
Animal
Multi
Hetero
Yes No
Human
Plant
Auto
Tree
Fungi
Both
Mushroom / Yeast
Protist
Auto & Hetero
Amoeba/
Euglena/
Algae

20. Animal Phyla Mollusks Cnidarians Annelids Arthropods Echinoderms
Chordates

21. Snapshot What are the six kingdoms?
Animals in the same phyla are less similar than animals in the same:

22. Snapshot _________ is sorting things according to similarities.
There are 6 ________.
A ____ is a group of organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
A ___ name is made up of ______ and species.

23. Snapshot There are _______ animal phyla.
There are 2 million animal _______.
Cnido means ________.
_______ are examples of cnidarians.

24. Animal Phyla 38 animal phyla 2,000,000 species 6 Important Phyla
Cnidarians
Mollusks
Annelids
Arthropods
Echinoderms
Chordates

25. Phylum Cnidaria The Cnidarians
Cnido= stinging
Stinging cells or tentacles
Live in salt or freshwater
Radial symmetry
2 shapes
Polyp
Medusa
Ex. Jellyfish, sea anemone

26. Phylum Mollusca Soft bodies Covered by a self made shell
The Mollusks
Soft bodies
Covered by a self made shell
Head and ventral foot
Live in or near water
Ex. Clams, sea slugs, squid, & octopus

27. Phylum Annelida Bodies in segments or sections Have bristles
The Annelids
Segmented worms
Bodies in segments or sections
Have bristles
Live in water or on land
Ex. Earth worms, leeches

28. Phylum Arthropoda Ex. Spiders, lobsters, beetles, butterflies
The Arthropods
Jointed legs
Segmented bodies arranged into regions (head, thorax, abdomen, cephlothorax, etc.)
Exoskeleton- outer protective covering
Sheds when organism grows
Ex. Spiders, lobsters, beetles, butterflies

29. Phylum Echinodermata Tough outer skin Covered with spines
The echinoderms
Tough outer skin
Covered with spines
Live in saltwater
Move using water
Tube feet
Ex. Sand dollar, starfish, sea cucumber,

30. Phylum Chordata Internal skeleton and spinal chord
The chordates
100,000 species
Internal skeleton and spinal chord
Bones or cartilage
Body systems
Live on land or in water
Ex. Humans , dogs, fish, birds

31. Plant Phyla 11 Plant divisions 4 Important Divisions Mosses Ferns
Phyla = Divisions
11 Plant divisions
4 Important Divisions
Mosses
Ferns
Conifers
Flowering Plants

32. Moss Division (Bryophyta)
The Mosses
Reproduce with spores
No roots
Very small leaves
Grow close to ground
No flowers or seeds

33. Fern Division (Pteridophyta)
Roots & Stems
Underground stem= rhizome
No flowers or seeds
Reproduce using spores
Very leafy & luscious

34. Conifers Division (Pinophyta)
Seeds in the form of cones
Called “Evergreens”
Woody plants or trees
Needlelike leaves
Stems & roots
Ex. Pine tree, cedars, firs

35. Flowering Plant Division (Magnoliophyta)
Angiosperms
Leaves, stems, and roots
Produce flowers
Reproduce with seeds found in fruit
Ex. Orange tree, pear tree, cherry tree

36. Scientific vs. Common Name
Nomenclature = naming system
Common Name- what people in an area call an organism Ex. June bug
Organism can have hundreds
Scientific Name- used by scientists around the world written in latin
Each organism only has one

37. Scientific Name Written in italics
Binomial Nomenclature = 2 name (word) naming system
Written in italics
First letter of genus is capitalized
Genus species or G. species
Ex. June bug AKA Figeater Beetle AKA Green Fruit Beetle
Scientific name = Cotinis mutabilis or C. mutabilis

38. Review Your Study Guides!!!
Snapshot
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Review Your Study Guides!!!