1. Unit 5: The Founding Principals of Our New Nation
Chapters 7 and 8

2. I. A New Republic
A. Republic = citizens rule through elected officials
State constitutions
Limited power
A central government

3. B. The Articles of Confederation
Basics
Created by the Second Continental Congress
Ratified in 1777
“A firm league of friendship”

4. STRENGTHS, congress can… WEAKNESSES, congress cant…
conduct foreign affairs
collect taxes
maintain armed forces
foreign trade
borrow money
force states to follow their laws
Issue currency
No central govt
9/13 states to pass laws
13/13 to amend AOC

5. II. Western Lands A. The Ordinance of 1785
Process to survey land north of the Ohio River
Divided land into townships (6 miles by 6 miles)
Divided into 36 sections = each sold at public auction

6. B. The Northwest Ordinance, 1787
Single northwest territory = lands north of Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River
Divided into 3-5 smaller territories
Territory = 60,000 residents = statehood
Guaranteed freedom of religion & trial by jury
No slavery

7. C. Land Act of 1800 Easier for people to buy land
Had to buy at least 320 acres at $2 per acre
Pay half up front and the rest over four years

8. III. Problems A. Finances Money from war depreciated by 1781
Could not exchange for gold or silver
Led to food riots
Debt

9. B. Import Tax Dpt of Finance Led by Robert Morris
1781 proposal = 5% tax on imported goods
12 out of 13 states voted yes = fail
1783 proposal also failed