2. Ohio Learning Standard #14
Consequences of World War I and worldwide economic depression set the stage for the rise of Totalitarianism and aggressive Axis expansion

3. BIG Problems following WWI
Political Economic Social

4. Authoritarianism
Government characterized by citizens’ absolute obedience to a N Govt Authority
Arises in nation when facing severe Cr_________ (Economic Recession or Political Upheaval)
Advancing T_____________ becomes format for accepting & rationalizing MAJOR Economic Development
(Modernizing)

5. Totalitarianism = Dictatorship

6. Extremism
N___________ takes hold = country’s interest over individual – to point of accepting extreme measures
Institutional Pat__________ = mass popular support for military, Religion, business, bureaucracy

7. Propaganda Appealing to Loyalists & “Pa__________”
Accept Id____________ of individuals displaying leadership potential – even Extremists (Stalin)

8. Regime Establishment
Ideological orthodoxy based on political party, social institution, mass media, & Economic Mob__________
Cen_________ (national) power of Gov & Econ - little tolerance for regional exception or opposition groups

9. Notable Examples Soviet Russia under Stalin
Fascist Italy under Mussolini
Spain under Francisco Franco
Nazi Germany under Hitler
Empirical Japan under Hirohito
China under Mao Zae Dong
Cuba under Fidel Castro
North Korea under Kim Il Sung
Libya under Gaddafi
Zimbabwe under Mugabe
Iraq under Saddam Hussein
Syria under Bashar al-Assad

11. Fascism
Invoking Power in the Nation as best way of Modernization, Expansion, & Competition!
Borrow from Soc______ but applied to conflicts between nations & races rather than class conflict (like in Communism)

14. Symbolism
Fasces = R_________ symbol of civic authority
Strength through Un_____ - a single rod is easily broken, while bundle is difficult to break
Fixation on internal cleansing,
external expansion, rebuilding past national power & culture

15. Gentile’s Fascist Doctrine
Fascist state is a will to power & empire. The Roman tradition is a powerful force…Empire is not only territorial or military or mercantile concept, but is spiritual & moral
Fascism is the only liberty which can be serious! Therefore, for the fascist, everything is in the state … no human or spiritual thing exists, or has any sort of value, outside the state

16. Nationalist Economy
Advocates mixed economy (Capitalism + Socialism) in order to secure national self-sufficiency & independence
Nationalistic goals to create regulated economy which transforms society into efficient & modern
Built around political organizations called guilds (unions)

21. Social Cleansing
Military-style mobilizing (B____ S_____), strict justice, promoting masculinity, youth, & charismatic leadership
Belief that success of Italian nation requires respect for heritage (Roman) & commitment to M______________

22. Lateran Treaty Gave Pope control over V________ City
Mussolini paid 750mil Lira as compensation
Pope gave up claims to all other lands in Italy
Church gave Mussolini formal recognition
C_________ becomes the official Religion
obscene publications & public swearing is banned
Clergy could not belong to a political party