1. CPS120: Introduction to Computer Science
What We Know About C++
Lecture 8 - A

2. Characteristics of a C++ Program
Comments
Compiler Directives
Functions
Braces
Statements
Show MileFunc.cpp

3. A Simple C++ Program Comments //Simple C++ Program //
// Purpose: To demonstrate the
// parts of a simple C++ program
Compiler Directive #include <iostream.h>
Main Function main ( )
Braces {
Statements cout << "This is a simple program ";
return 0; }

4. Comments Explain the purpose of a program
Keep notes regarding changes to source code
Store details about the programmers for future reference
Explain parts of the program

5. Sample Comments At the start of the program
/**************************************************
** Miles Per Gallon **
** Programmer: Paul J. Millis **
** Purpose: Calculate mile per gallon and price per mile **
** given miles, gallons and gas price **
*************************************************/
Within specific lines of code
float PricePerMile = 0.00; //store the price per mile
float MilesPerGallon = 0.0; //stores the miler per gallon achieved

6. Compiler Directives
Instructions to the compiler rather than part of the C++ language
Most common directive is #include
For Example: #include <iostream.h>
A .h file is a header file. It serves as a link between program code and standard C++ code needed to make programs run

7. Functions
A function is a block of code that carries out a specific task
Every C++ program has a main function that executes when a program initiates
Includes open parenthesis to designate a function
Ends with a return 0; statement

8. Braces Mark the beginning and ending of blocks of related code
Every opening brace must have a closing brace

9. Statements
Functions contain statements that consist of instructions or commands that make the program work

10. Semicolons There must be a semicolon after every statement
To tell the compiler that the statement is complete
Function definitions and compiler directives are exempt

11. C++ and Blank Space
C++ allows for great flexibility in the spacing and layout of code
Use this feature to make it easier for you as a human being to read the code

12. Uppercase or Lowercase
Be careful to use the same combination of uppercase or lowercase lettering when you enter source code
Commands and other reserved words are all lower case