Multimedia Training Kit

Multimedia Training Kit
What is ICT policy? Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Multimedia Training Kit www.itrainonline.org
Session objectives Understand what ICT policy is Understand the areas covered by ICT policy Be able to identify areas where ICT policy has an impact Understand ICT policy principles Understand ICT policy for development Identify 5 critical areas in ICT policy Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

ICT policy Policy is a tool to ensure a match between vision and action Vision: reduced rural/urban disparities Policy: expand infrastructure to rural areas – including telecommunications infrastructure – and aim for universal access Action: create universal service/access fund Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

ICT policy principles To benefit all citizens (e.g. gender equality, address rural-urban divides) To encourage wide ownership Transparent and open Based on consultation To empower all actors Action-oriented – to make things happen Trainer should emphasize ALL citizens and the need to consider policy solutions that address demands of each citizen group, e.g. women, youth, girls and boys, rural populations, etc. Consultation means that all stakeholders and representatives of all citizens and groups should be invited to participate and, preferably, provided some training to participate effectively in the process. Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

What does ICT policy cover?
Telecommunications Broadcasting Internet Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Telecommunications Sending and receiving messages over electromagnetic systems (cable, radio waves, optical devices) Telecom sector Services, products, policy, regulation, users Public and private Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Broadcasting Sending of messages (programmes) intended for reception by the general public Radio, television May be targeted locally or globally Public and private From community radio to CNN Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

The Internet Collection of computer networks linked using common protocols or standards Global – links smaller networks around the world Facilitates the communication and sharing of information by individuals and institutions Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Single policy framework
Telecommunications, broadcasting & the Internet Use same infrastructure to convey messages Can deliver same content Address same users Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Policy framework Common policy framework needed to address issues of national importance: Risk of media concentration, diversity of content, suppression of local voices Universality of access – populations without access to communications infrastructure are cut off from national debates, government services Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

5 cross-cutting policy issues
Focus: ICT as development enabler or as sector Human capacity Applications & content Infrastructure/access Enterprise It is important to provide examples here of each item, but leave the detailed discussion for after Exercise 1. Trainer should keep track of issues raised on these topics and relate/link them to the discussion following the exercise. Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Exercise 1 In groups (of 4-5) address the following questions: What sectors/groups could benefit most from ICT applications? How? Identify problems and barriers to successful use of ICTs (provide brief info re local/national context) What conditions justify investment in local ICT industry? Report back Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Focus 1 Where will emphasis lie: On building local ICT sector to produce and market hardware/software Issues: market size; regional integration; skills; investment capital On using ICT to transform and improve productivity in development sectors Issues: development priorities; skills; coordination The following slides should be used to aid the discussion on the issues, but the discussion should draw on group exercise reports. If certain important issues, such as gender, prices of services, do not get raised, trainer needs to ask pertinent questions that lead to them. Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Focus 2 Competing with international suppliers is a challenge given small market size in many developing countries - regional integration Niche markets may emerge adapting tools to local needs - African languages, graphics, literacy, local mapping Most policies aim for balance with emphasis on enabling development Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Human capacity 1 Introduction of ICTs needs to be accompanied by human resource development programme at all education levels Aimed at Providing access to and maintenance of infrastructure, hardware, software Supporting effective use Developing innovative solutions to local problems Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Human capacity 2 Brain drain – ICT skills move from public to private sector and from relatively low paying developing countries to industrialized world Policy needs to Create incentives Scale introduction of ICTs to available resources Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Applications / Content 1
Generic applications , text processing, sms messaging, spreadsheets Applications tailored to specific needs Development and delivery of content or tools to support priority local or national programmes – e.g. directories of community services, education content, content for gender advocates and human rights activists Applications that link different technologies Using Internet resources to meet local information needs and disseminating results through community radio Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Applications / Content 2
Policy needs to: Create a supportive environment for the local development of applications and content Promote involvement of users in design in order to maximize use Create dependable environment through training, maintenance, adaptation Create secure legal environment Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Infrastructure / Access 1
Extending infrastructure and access to rural areas is a key challenge in Africa Needs investment from international private sector Privatization – sale of % of national telecommunications operator Introduction of competition Regulation Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Infrastructure / Access 2
Phasing in of privatization, competition, regulation is key to success Regulatory mechanisms should be in place before opening of markets Regulator needs to be independent of political influence Building regulatory skills is a challenge Regional and ‘stripped down’ models to be considered Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Enterprise 1 Policy needs to stimulate both local and foreign investment Innovations most likely to arise from local knowledge and understanding – for development by local business But external investment necessary to extend infrastructure and introduce new technologies Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Enterprise 2 Predictable environment for business includes Local finance and credit facilities Secure property rights Fair tax regimes Acceptable tariffs on ICT equipment Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Intersection with policy in other sectors
To realize the enabling benefits of ICT requires that ICT policy is coordinated with policy in other sectors finance, education, health, trade & commerce, industry, tourism Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Examples of intersections
E-commerce requires: Infrastructure is in place to process payments through credit cards The privacy and security of Internet transactions Orders can be completed through speedy shipment of goods Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Examples of intersections
If computers are introduced into schools measures are needed to: Ensure equal access by girls and boys Create adequate supply of trained teachers Facilitate import of computers and related equipment Maintain hardware and software through local businesses Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Exercise 2 In the same groups (as in Exercise 1), formulate ICT policy measures to address the problems and barriers identified. Groups can choose a set of problems/barriers or focus on barriers for specific groups (e.g. women, the disabled, rural populations, urban poor, schools, health clinics). Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Summary What is ICT policy? Principles of ICT policy Impact of ICT policy Cross-cutting issues Understand ICT policy for development Again, trainer should summarize session based on the above, including issues raised in group discussions. Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Multimedia Training Kit
What is ICT policy? Sunday, April 14, 2019Sunday, April 14, 2019 Multimedia Training Kit

Multimedia Training Kit

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