1. TVBD Common Functions across IEEE 802 Draft tutorial
May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
TVBD Common Functions across IEEE 802 Draft tutorial
Date:
Authors:
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Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm

2. Challenges No more free spectrum
May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
Challenges
No more free spectrum
Therefore, we need to use “available" spectrum allocated for COMMON usage
Increased wireless traffic requirements
High variety of services inside 802 community
High variety of business cases
To solve:
Use the TVWS new spectrum efficiently
Optimally accommodate all the provided services and business cases
Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm

3. TVWS Spectrum Sharing Incumbents (TV, wireless microphones, etc.)
May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
TVWS Spectrum Sharing
Incumbents (TV, wireless microphones, etc.)
FCC Rules
Data-base approach
Sensing
High interference environment
Low path loss
Low building penetration: only 6-10dB
Reduced number of free channels in some geographies
Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm

4. Desired E2E common functionality
May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
Desired E2E common functionality
Cognitive detection
Synchronized silence intervals
Cognitive beacon design
Inter-system coexistence
Media access procedures
Technology-independent information and protocols
Inter-system distributed communication
Centralized information source
Access to the FCC-defined data-base
Protocol and security
Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm

5. Enablers for cognitive detection - Silence
May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
Enablers for cognitive detection - Silence
FCC defines very low detection levels
-114dBm
On 6MHz for ATSC, 100kHz for NTSC, 200kHz for wireless microphone
Synchronized silence
GPS time synchronization
Network –based synchronization:
IEEE 1588 or a Network
Time Protocol (NTP)
Objective
Define cross-802 silence intervals
Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm

6. Enablers for cognitive detection - Beacons
May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
Enablers for cognitive detection - Beacons
Cognitive beacons
is the natural focal point for this activity
is designing the Wireless Mics beacons, now in Sponsor Ballot
There is an interaction between the Silent Slots design and Beacon design
Synchronization
Duration
Repetition interval
Process
Higher interaction in 802 for accommodating all the intended services by all the interested groups
Common meetings
Shared file access
Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm

7. Example: beacons and silence intervals
May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
Example: beacons and silence intervals
Silence
Operation
Operation
DVBD
Mics.
Beacon
Operation
Operation
time
GPS Sync.
Synchronized silence and beacon transmission
Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm

8. Coexistence between TVBD
May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
Coexistence between TVBD
Scope
Allow ALL the 802 technologies to optimally serve their markets
Optimally use of the spectrum
Approach
Cooperation and coordination
Coordinated MAC approach for interference avoidance
Technology-independent protocols
Centralized Server for contact information
Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm

9. Interference avoidance – lower levels
May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
Interference avoidance – lower levels
Enhanced Protocols for Media Access
LBT not good enough
Energy detection levels are at least 10dB higher than sensitivity levels
High statistics of hidden nodes in WMAN service
Enforcement of synchronized time-frequency slots with reduced interference
Coexistence MAC Frame
Process
Requires a new frame-work in 802
Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm

10. Technology-independent coexistence
May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
Technology-independent coexistence
Based on distributed inter-system communication within Coexistence Community
Coexistence Protocol – first time defined in h
Primitives to higher layers
Information
Occupied channels and location
RF and deployment parameters
Control messages
Interferer identification
Interferer power reduction
Frequency channel switching
Coexistence Frame related
Protocols for pro-active coexistence scheduling – Token Protocol
Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm

11. Additional information from a shared Server
May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
Additional information from a shared Server
Enforce cognition related to 802 TVBDs
Location information
Technology used
Linkage between MAC and Network address
RF parameters
Channel center and width
Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm

12. Security problems Denial attacks
May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
Security problems
Denial attacks
Based on knowledge of the network address
False data-base entries which can block an operational channel
Assess the active operation at the indicated location
Cross this information with the data-base info
More details:
Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm

13. E2E solution for coexistence support
May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
E2E solution for coexistence support
Problem
802 limits itself to lower levels
Cooperation with IETF, SC41 is possible but:
Long time scales
Eventually will happen after ending the specific project
Broken link
Process
Assign for dealing with these issues
Primitives to be provided by the interested WGs
802.16h has already defined an extensive set
Add headers for IP encapsulation
802 should not broke an E2E solution for a trivial technical issue
Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm

14. Access to the FCC defined data-base
May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
Access to the FCC defined data-base
Real-time protocol for requesting the available operational channels at a given location
Only for GPS-enhanced radios
Protocol at network layer
May be defined outside 802
The acquired information will interact with a Radio Resource Manager within the TVBD which is NOT in the scope of 802 projects
Process: collaboration with external standards organizations
Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm

15. May 2007
doc.: IEEE /0010r0
Feb. 2009
Conclusions
There is a clear requirement for cooperation between 802 devices
Synchronized operation shall be enforced for supporting sensing, coexistence and beacon design
Coexistence at low layers shall use a coordinated approach
Support of an E2E solution for coexistence messages supporting protocols and and data-base access shall be provided by 802
Mariana Goldhamer, Alvarion
Steve Shellhammer, Qualcomm