1. MAKING THINGS LOOK 3-D

2. Drawing of an apple on a piece of paper.
The surface of the paper is called the PICTURE PLANE.

4. What the artist sees . . .

5. What the artist draws . . .

6. perpendicular

7. The shape of the PICTURE PLANE is called the FORMAT
The shape of the PICTURE PLANE is called the FORMAT. The traditional formats are basic geometric shapes like

8. the rectangle . . .

9. the
circle . . .

10. the
square . . .

11. The descriptive name LANDSCAPE is derived from works whose subject was often nature: land or sea.

15. The descriptive name PORTRAIT is derived from works whose subject was often just one person (as in a portrait).

33. Note that the size of the image of the red rectangle is the same as the the size of the image of the locomotive in the distance.

45. Size
And
Surface
Or Placement

46. Better but it still
needs more . . .

47. even better . . .

53. Detail and Color

63. Foreshortening is the principle of perspective in which objects that slant toward or away from the viewer seems to diminish in size and change shape as they recede toward the background.

68. Basic elements of linear perspective:
1)Determine your eye level (some times referred to as the horizon line)

78. Basic elements of linear perspective:
2)Vertical lines stay vertical

83. Basic elements of linear perspective:
3)Lines that we consider horizontal--parallel to the ground--converge at vanishing points on our eye level.

87. Basic elements of linear perspective:
Parallel lines of parallel planes converge at the same vanishing point.
Basic elements of linear perspective:
1)Determine your eye level (some times referred to as the horizon line)
2)Vertical lines stay vertical
3)Line that we consider horizontal--parallel to the ground--converge at vanishing points on our eye level. Parallel lines of parallel planes converge at the same vanishing point.

93. Interior Design Drawings for clients

101. Industrial Design for the automobile industry

110. Optical Illusions

117. Optical Illusions and Anamorphic art
Julian Beever
Pavement Murals