1. The Changing Earth
The Changing Earth

3. continental drift theory
movement of the continents over time

4. movement of the earth’s crust
plate tectonics
movement of the earth’s crust

5. Plate Movement The earth’s plates move 5 different ways
1) spreading: moving apart
2) subduction: diving under another plate
3) collision: crashing into one another
4) sliding: sliding past each other, side to side 5) folding: a process that causes a bend/fold in a layer of rock

6. fault – a break in the earth’s crust
subduction zone – where one of the earth’s plates slides under another

7. Earthquake – Violent movement of the earth along faults
Seismograph – measures the intensity of earthquakes
Focus – the point in the earth where an earthquake begins
Epicenter – the point on the surface above the focus of an earthquake
Richter scale – used to determine the relative strength of an earthquake
Tsunami – A giant wave in the ocean

8. volcanic activity involving the flow of magma or molten rock
volcanism
volcanic activity involving the flow of magma or molten rock

9. The Ring of Fire A zone around the rim of the Pacific Ocean where the majority of active volcanoes are located

10. magma – melted rocks contained in pockets in the earth’s mantle
lava – molton rock on the earth’s surface

12. Caldera A large, bowl-shaped volcanic depression

13. Forces that Change the Earth’s Surface
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition

14. Weathering: breaking down of rocks at or near the earth’s surface
Weathering: breaking down of rocks at or near the earth’s surface. Erosion: The wearing away of land or soil by the action of wind, water, or ice.
Deposition: Process by which sediments are deposited in a new location, usually by wind or water.