1. Required Practical Guide
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Required Practical Guide
Biology
Microscopy
This document contains:
Links to YouTube clips showing the practical procedure
Information from examination boards AQA, OCR, Edexcel
Potential examination questions and answers
This resource is strictly for the use of member schools for as long as they remain members of The PiXL Club. It may not be copied, sold nor transferred to a third party or used by the school after membership ceases. Until such time it may be freely used within the member school.
All opinions and contributions are those of the authors. The contents of this resource are not connected with nor endorsed by any other company, organisation or institution.
Commissioned by The PiXL Club Ltd. November 2016
The PiXL Club Ltd, Company number
© Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd, 2016

2. Required practical – exam boards
AQA

3. Practical procedure – the microscope

4. Practical procedure: Preparing a slide
Onion – video 1
Cheek cell –
video 1
Click on each of the tabs to take you to a YouTube clip. Please note these are external sites to PiXL, PiXL does not control the content of these sites.
Onion – video 2
Cheek cell –
video 2

5. Possible examination style questions
Here is a microscope image of an onion slide:
A student measured the length of one cells in the image as 6mm long. The magnification used was x Calculate the actual length of the cell in mm.
Describe how the student used a light microscope to view the cell.
Name a structure you would expect to see in a plant cell which is not visible in this image

6. Possible examination style questions answers
Q1 A student measured the length of one cells in the image as 6mm long. The magnification used was x 1500.
Calculate the actual length of the cell in mm.
ANS:
actual length= 6/ 1500
= 0.006mm

7. Possible examination style questions answers
Q2 Describe how the student used a light microscope to view the cell.
ANS:
Remove a single layer of cells from the onion.
Place on a microscope slide and add a couple of drops of iodine.
Place a cover slip on top. or
Turn the focus wheel to obtain a clear image.
Start on the lowest magnification.
Increase the magnification of the objective lens and refocus.

8. Possible examination style questions answers
Q3 Name a structure you would expect to see in a plant cell which is not visible in this image
ANS:
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Ribosome
Mitochondria

9. Key questions:
 What sub-cellular structures are likely to be observed using a light microscope?  Why are some sub-cellular structures not visible using a light microscope?  What precautions are needed when preparing a microscope slide?  Why should samples of animal cells be disposed of in disinfectant?  Why does the layer of specimen cells need to be thin?  Why do we stain the specimen cells?  Why does the coverslip have to be carefully applied?  What is the highest magnification for the light microscope?  How is the focusing wheel used?  When should the fine focusing wheel be used?  What is a field of view and how can its size be measured?  How is the actual size of a cell structure determined from microscope measurements?  How can more detail be observed in cells?  What are the important features of a drawing made from observations?

10. AQA suggested examination questions

11. AQA suggested answers

12. Edexcel suggested examination questions

13. Edexcel suggested examination answers

14. OCR suggested examination questions

15. OCR suggested answers

16. Summary document
A summary document is also available on Huddle which contains all the relevant information about this practical from the different examination boards. This document includes practical methods and other potential examination questions