1. THE CIVIL WAR The Confederate (Rebels) VS the Union (Yankees)

2. BEGINNINGS OF THE CIVIL WAR
April Confederate (the REBELS) forces attacked Union-held Fort Sumter (South Carolina). This began the Civil War.

3. ROBERT E. LEE Graduated from West Point
Served in the United States Military
Lincoln asked him to command the Union Army but he refused
Although opposed to slavery, Lee felt great loyalty to Virginia and became a general in the Confederate Army

4. THE WAR BEGINS
Lincoln calls for a militia to provide 75,000 men to fight. The North had many volunteers.
4 other slave states secede: Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina
A New State Forms
Counties in the western part of Virginia favored staying with the Union, so they broke away and created the state of West Virginia

5. THE WAR BEGINS Border States
Missouri, Kentucky, Delaware voted to stay in the Union
Maryland also stays in the Union
In border states, war pulled families apart. Mary Todd Lincoln had 4 brothers and 3 brother-in- law fighting for the South

6. NORTH’S POSITION Secession was an act of betrayal!
They were fighting preserve the Union

7. SOUTH’S POSITION
States had a right to secede! The states had voluntarily joined the Union and therefore had the right to leave the Union.
Many referred to the Civil War as the “War for Southern Independence” or the “War of Northern Aggression”

8. UNION STRATEGY (ANACONDA PLAN)
Capture Richmond, Virginia, the Confederate capitol.
Seize control of the Mississippi River to prevent Confederates from resupplying troops.
Blockade the coast, designed to halt trade with Europe and suffocate the South economically, forcing it back to the Union.

9. CONFEDERATE STRATEGY
The South didn’t want to conquer the North. They aimed at getting foreign support and being aided.
Fight a defensive war and hope that the North would tire.
In 1862, they also called for a Conscription.

10. THE TWO ARMIES Union Dressed in blue
Many Union soldiers had never ridden a horse or fired a gun
Confederacy
Dressed in grey
Used to outdoor life: knew how to handle horses and guns

11. THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
January 1, 1863: Lincoln declared slaves in all the rebelling states free
Lincoln: “If my name ever goes into history, it will be for this act, and my whole soul is in it.”
The E.P. had no effect in the Confederacy because Union forces did not control it.
June 19, 1865: U.S. troops arrive in Texas and free slaves. This is celebrated in Texas as Juneteenth

12. LEE INVADES THE UNION Reasons for invading:
A victory in the North would force Lincoln to talk peace
Lee hoped the invasion would show that the South could win the war; it also might convince Europe to help the South

13. LEE SURRENDERS
By spring of 1865, Grant’s army was doubled the size of Lee’s.
B. Trapped by Union forces, lee made the decision to Surrender
LEE said: “There is nothing for me to do but go and see
General Grant, and I would rather die a thousand deaths.”
C. Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia: April 9, 1865: LEE
surrendered to Grant. The Civil War had left Southern Economy
dead. Victory for the Union;
The end for the Confederacy.

14. Lincoln’s Assasinated
John Wilkes Booth (actor) was a southern sympathizer who with the help of conspirators assassinate Lincoln on April 14, 1865.