1. Efficacy of mandibular manipulation technique for temporomandibular disorders patients with mouth opening limitation: a randomized controlled trial for comparison with improved multimodal therapy 
Kazuhiro Nagata, Satol Hori, Ryo Mizuhashi, Tomoko Yokoe, Yojiro Atsumi, Wataru Nagai, Motoatu Goto 
Journal of Prosthodontic Research 
Volume 63, Issue 2, Pages (April 2019)
DOI: /j.jpor
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2. Fig. 1
Flow diagram of the randomized controlled trial and subgroup analysis.
*These patients’ last temporomandibular disorder values were extrapolated to fill in the post-assessment time points, according to the intention-to-treat concept.
Journal of Prosthodontic Research  , DOI: ( /j.jpor )
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3. Fig. 2
Jog-type jaw manipulation technique (for right side temporomandibular joint).
(a) A pivot made of gauze was set on the last molar. (b) The pivot closing type. (c) The side-to-side type. (d) The opening type. (e) The one-side pivot type. Each manipulation was executed for 10–20s, then performed continuously.
Journal of Prosthodontic Research  , DOI: ( /j.jpor )
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4. Fig. 3
Self-exercise of the jaw for temporomandibular disorder patients.
This conservative exercise was performed three times daily. It promotes smooth condylar transfer by pulling down the rearmost molars.
Journal of Prosthodontic Research  , DOI: ( /j.jpor )
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5. Fig. 4 Simplified myo-functional therapy (S-MFT).
(1) maximum mouth opening, (2) clenching, (3) protrusion of the lip, (4) maximum mouth opening and maximum tongue protrusion. This developed exercise was performed several times each day.
Journal of Prosthodontic Research  , DOI: ( /j.jpor )
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6. Fig. 5
Changes in mouth-opening distance (mm), pain score and sound score (NRS), comparing TE+MN and TE.
Data points indicate the mean and 95% confidence interval.
The results of ANOVA and Scheffe’s multiple comparisons of mouth-opening distance and pain and Mann–Whitney U test (with Bonferroni correction) of sound from baseline through 10 weeks are shown with p-values. No statistical difference was revealed between TE+MN and TE other than after the first treatment in mouth-opening distance. TE+MN, standard therapy, including the self-exercise for temporomandibular disorder (TMD), plus Jog-manipulation. TE, standard therapy, including the self-exercise for TMD.
Journal of Prosthodontic Research  , DOI: ( /j.jpor )
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7. Fig. 6
Changes in mouth-opening distance (mm) of TE+MN and TE in each pathological type.
Data points indicate the mean and 95% confidence interval. The statistical difference between the two treatment groups, by ANOVA, was observed only in the pathological 3a type. Scheffe’s multiple comparisons showed significant differences only after treatment in every pathological type. TE+MN, standard therapy, including the self-exercise for temporomandibular disorder (TMD), plus Jog-manipulation. TE, standard therapy, including the self-exercise for TMD.
Journal of Prosthodontic Research  , DOI: ( /j.jpor )
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8. Fig. 7 Changes in pain score TE+MN and TE in each pathological type.
Data points indicate the mean and 95% confidence interval. No statistical differences were observed between the two treatment groups by ANOVA and Scheffe’s multiple comparisons. TE+MN, standard therapy, including the self-exercise for temporomandibular disorder (TMD), plus Jog-manipulation. TE, standard therapy, including the self-exercise for TMD.
Journal of Prosthodontic Research  , DOI: ( /j.jpor )
Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions

9. Fig. 8 Changes in sound score TE+MN and TE in each pathological type.
Data points indicate the mean and 95% confidence interval. No statistical differences were observed between the two treatment groups by Mann–Whitney U test (with Bonferroni correction). TE+MN, standard therapy, including the self-exercise for temporomandibular disorder (TMD), plus Jog-manipulation. TE, standard therapy, including the self-exercise for TMD.
Journal of Prosthodontic Research  , DOI: ( /j.jpor )
Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions