1. مهندسی مجدد فرآیندهای تجاری
بخش سوم:
مدیریت منابع فرآیند
Workflow Resource Management

2. Workflow management concepts
A workflow definition is composed out of three parts:
process definition: a description of the process itself
resource classification: a classification of the resources to be used
resource management rules: how to map work onto resources

4. In what order? Pull control
Determined by people, i.e., a "race" for attention.
System may "suggest" urgent work items or offer multiple view on the work available.
Push control
System decides whether the worker can view and/or select multiple work items, i.e., order may be enforced or suggested.
In both cases possible queueing disciplines are:
FIFO (First In First Out)
LIFO (Last In First Out)
SPT (Shortest Processing Time)
EDD (Earliest Due Date)
PRIO (Prioritization based on case attributes)

8. Example (taken from "Operations Management" by Roberta Russell & Bernard W. Taylor)
PROCESSING DUE
WorkItem TIME DATE
A 5 10
B 10 15
C 2 5
D 8 12
E 6 8
Note that unlike most scheduling problems work items emerge on the fly!

9. FIFO (also known as FCFS)B C D E
FIFO START PROCESSING COMPLETION DUE
SEQUENCE TIME TIME TIME DATE TARDINESS

10. EDD C E A D B
EDD START PROCESSING COMPLETION DUE
SEQUENCE TIME TIME TIME DATE TARDINESS

11. SPT C A E D B
SPT START PROCESSING COMPLETION DUE
SEQUENCE TIME TIME TIME DATE TARDINESS

12. We will return to the topic of workflow analysis and simulation...
Comparison
FIFO
EDD
SPT
AVERAGE AVERAGE NO. OF MAXIMUM
RULE COMPLETION TIME TARDINESS WI TARDY TARDINESS
We will return to the topic of workflow analysis and simulation...

13. Push versus pull

14. Push control
workflow enactment service
push to a selected "victim"

15. Pull control
workflow enactment service
pull selected work items

16. pull control

17. Mosts WFM systems are hybrid, e.g., Staffware
personal queue
group queue

18. Who is doing what?
Pull control
Determined by people, i.e., a "race" among resources.
Select to start and/or select to allocate work item.
Push control
Round robin.
Weighted round robin.
Shortest queue.
Select the most specialized resource (i.e., do not allocate "generalists" unless needed).