1. A B GH and IGF-1 action on the effect of oral estrogen Pituitary Gland
Liver
Liver E2
IGF-I
IGF-I
IGF-I
IGF-I
Gut
Bone
Bone
GH and IGF-1 action on the effect of oral estrogen
Abbildung mod. nach Leung, 2004

2. Mechanismus for estrogen regulation of GHR expression and signaling through the JAK/STAT pathway
GHBP GH
GHR
GHR ER
GPR30
JAK2
JAK2 ?
Gβγ
PLC
Gαq
CYTOSOL ER
? +/-
Ras ?
STATs E2
ERK 1/2 +
SOCS-1
Src ?
PI3K + ER
NUCLEUS
Transcription
Abbildung mod. nach Leung, 2004

3. Mean ({+/-} SE) concentrations of IGF-I (A), mean 24-h GH (B), GHBP (C), IGFBP-3 (D), and ALS (E) in six postmenopausal women before and during treatment with ethinyl estradiol (EE), conjugaded equine estrogen (CE), and estradiol valerate (EV)
IGF-I (nmol/L)
Mean GH (mIU/L)
GHBP (nmol/L)
Baseline EE CE EV
Baseline EE CE EV
Baseline EE CE EV
IGFBP-3 (nmol/L)
ALS (nmol/L)
Baseline EE CE EV
Baseline EE CE EV
Abbildung mod. nach Leung, 2004