1. Objective: To examine the presidencies of Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, and Carter.
John F. Kennedy
Jimmy Carter
Richard Nixon
Lyndon Johnson
Gerald Ford

3. President John F. Kennedy
View the debate, the first televised presidential debate in U.S. history.
· Democrat John F. Kennedy defeated the Republican Richard Nixon in the presidential election of 1960.
President-elect John F. Kennedy, left, shakes hands with Vice President Richard M. Nixon after a post-election conference in Miami, Nov. 14, 1960.

7. TRAGEDY IN DALLAS
On a sunny day on November 22,1963, Air Force One landed in Dallas with JFK and Jackie
JFK received warm applause from the crowd that lined the downtown streets of Dallas as he rode in the back seat of an open-air limousine

8. JFK SHOT TO DEATH
As the motorcade approached the Texas Book Depository, shots rang out
JFK was shot in the neck and then the head
His car was rushed to a nearby hospital where doctors frantically tried to revive him
President Kennedy was dead (11/22/63)

9. President Lyndon Johnson
· Vice-president Lyndon Johnson was named President upon the assassination of John F. Kennedy in 1963.
Lyndon B. Johnson takes the oath of office aboard Air Force One in Dallas, Texas, November 22, 1963.

10. · In 1963, Pres. Kennedy was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald in Dallas, Texas.

11. Video of Oswald’s Murder
Jack Ruby, shot Lee Harvey Oswald on November 24th, 1963, as the Dallas Police was transferring Oswald to the county jail.
Video of Oswald’s Murder

13. SECTION 3: THE GREAT SOCIETY
A fourth-generation Texan, Lyndon Johnson (LBJ) entered politics in 1937 as a congressman
Johnson admired Franklin Roosevelt who took the young congressman under his wing
Johnson became a senator in 1948 and by 1955 he was Senate majority leader
Senator Johnson pictured in 1958

14. · Pres. Johnson developed a series of new programs called the Great Society aimed at increasing the standard of living of Americans.
Great Society Programs:
- Medicare helped pay the hospital bills for citizens over the age of 65.

15. - Medicaid gave states money to help poor people pay for medical care.

16. LBJ signs the Civil Rights Act as Martin Luther King watches
CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964
In July of 1964, LBJ pushed the Civil Rights Act through Congress
The Act prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion or national origin, and granted the federal government new powers to enforce the law
LBJ signs the Civil Rights Act as Martin Luther King watches

17. "By the way, what's the big word?"
VOTING RIGHTS ACT 1964
Part of the Civil Rights Act was to insure voting rights for all Americans
The act prohibited literacy tests or other discriminatory practices for voting
The act insured consistent election practices
"By the way, what's the big word?"

18. THE WAR ON POVERTY
Following his tax cut and Civil Rights Act successes, LBJ launched his War on Poverty
In August of 1964 he pushed through Congress a series of measures known as the Economic Opportunity Act
The Act provided $1 billion in aid to the inner city

19. - The Economic Opportunity Act helped the poor by offering job training and loans.
- Congress created the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to build low-income housing.
“Kindly Move Over A Little, Gentlemen”

21. 1968: Year of Crisis
· Americans protested against the Vietnam War across the country.

22. · Thousands of college students burned draft cards and refused to serve in the military.

24. · Presidential candidate Senator Robert Kennedy was assassinated.
Sirhan Sirhan, convicted killer of Robert Kennedy, in a 1997 photo.
Robert F. Kennedy

29. Movies
In 1968 Planet of The Apes was created based on Pierre Boulle’s novel. It was about a astronaut who found a planet with very smart apes.
James Bond movies became popular in the 60’s. They combined sex with violence.
The original 2001: A Space Odyssey debuted in Soon after it was named an artistic masterpiece.
Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho debuted in It was about a women who stole money and then stayed at a roadside motel where she was brutally murdered. It was one of the first horror movies ever and was very influential.
The Sound of Music, which debuted in 1965, stared Julie Andrews. It was about a family trying to escape the Nazi’s but they were great singers. It turned out to be one of the most popular family movies ever.

33. Election of 1968:
· Republican Richard Nixon defeated Democrat Hubert Humphrey.

35. Richard Nixon as President
· Pres. Nixon opposed parts of the Great Society programs and cut funds for job training, low-income housing and education.

36. · Nixon easily defeated Democratic Senator George McGovern to win reelection in 1972.
Richard Nixon
George McGovern

37. February 21, 1972; During his visit, President Richard Nixon meets with Chairman Mao Zedong.
Concerning Taiwan, the U.S. side affirms the "One China Principle".
The U.S. reaffirms their interest in a peaceful settlement of the Taiwan question.
Recognizing China
• Pres. Nixon attempted to improve U.S. ties with China by visiting China in 1972.
• Pres. Carter established official diplomatic ties with China in 1979.

39. The Watergate Affair: In June of 1972, police caught five men breaking into the Democratic headquarters in the Watergate apartment building in Washington, D.C.
· The burglars were linked to Nixon’s reelection committee, but Nixon said that he was not involved in the scandal.

40. · However, Nixon made secret tapes of all conversations in his office, in which he was caught on tape talking about trying to cover up the Watergate break-in.

42. · In the meantime, Vice President Spiro Agnew was accused of taking bribes and was forced to resign.

43. · Pres. Nixon then assigned Representative Gerald Ford as his new Vice-President.

44. · In 1974, the House of Representatives passed three articles of impeachment against Nixon, including obstructing justice.

45. Video: Resignation and Summation (2:55)
· In August of 1974, Nixon resigned from office rather than go through an impeachment trial.
Video: Resignation and Summation (2:55)

47. A Time to Heal
Vice-President Ford was named President upon Nixon’s resignation.

48. Ford pardoned Nixon
September 8, 1974, a month after Nixon’s resignation, Ford granted Nixon a full pardon
President Ford’s approval rating slipped from 71% to 39% overnight
Ford believed a pardon would end Watergate

49. FOREIGN POLICY OR EVENT CONTINUES TO IMPROVE RELATIONS WITH SOVIETS
GERALD FORD
( )
FOREIGN POLICY OR EVENT
CONTINUES TO IMPROVE RELATIONS WITH SOVIETS
FAILS TO GET FUNDS TO SAVE SOUTH VIETNAM
____________________________
DOMESTIC POLICY OR EVENT
PARDONS NIXON – FULL FREE AND ABSOLUTE PARDON
OPEC OIL EMBARGO BECAUSE OF U.S. SUPPORT OF ISRAEL
ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
IMPACT
U.S. AND SOVIETS SIGN A HUMAN RIGHTS AGREEMENT
S. VIETNAM AND CAMBODIA FALL TO COMMUNISTS
____________________________________
POPULARITY FELL
HIGH OIL PRICES – GAS SHORTAGES
STAGFLATION – HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT AND INFLATION

51. Ford lost a close race for reelection in 1976 to the Democrat Jimmy Carter.

53. Domestic initiatives
Promoted development of coal to reduce dependence on foreign oil
Created two new cabinet level departments: Energy and Education

54. Panama Canal Treaty, 1977
Every president since LBJ wanted to rid the USA of the Panama obligation
Carter agreed that the USA would give up control of the Canal Zone in January 2000
Criticized by Republicans

55. Camp David Accords, 1978
Carter brought Anwar Sadat (Egypt) and Menachem Begin (Israel) to negotiate a peace accord

57. Iran Hostage Crisis,
Iranians seized the American embassy in Teheran
American embassy personnel were held hostage for over 444 days

58. April 1980 rescue attempt failed
CARTER WAS NOT
SUCCESSFUL IN
NEGOTIATING THE
RELEASE OF THE
HOSTAGES AND A
RESCUE ATTEMPT
RESULTED IN DISASTER
WITH 8 SOLDIERS
KILLED.