1. Bacteria and viruses

3. Prokaryote
Eukaryote

4. Bacteria… First forms of life on Earth Are prokaryotic cells
Are unicellular
Most numerous organisms on Earth
First forms of life on Earth
Web visual found at

5. What percent of bacteria are helpful?
99%

6. Helpful vs. Harmful + food production + digestion + water purification
+ environment—
decomposers
oil spills
+ list is ENDLESS!!
—spoil foods
—cause disease

7. Shapes of Bacteria Shapes (Structure) Prefixes 1. 1. = pair = sphere2. 2.
= rod
= chain 3. 3.
= spiral
= bunch
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8. Shapes (cont)
Streptococcus
Strep Throat

9. Escherichia coli - e.coli
Shapes (cont)
Shape?
Rod - Bacillus
Escherichia coli - e.coli

10. Death from anthrax is due to oxygen depletion
Shapes (cont)
Shape?
Bacillus anthracis
Death from anthrax is due to oxygen depletion

11. Cholera Shape? Spiral - Spirillum Shapes (cont)
Intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water.

12. Location of Infection
Bacterial infections are USUALLY localized at single point
Examples:
strep throat
urinary tract infections
most ear infections
some sinus infections
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13. Treatment Antibiotics CAN KILL bacteria
Antibiotic = Drugs that combat bacteria by interfering with various cellular functions.
Antibiotic resistant bacteria = ?
Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin in 1929
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14. What is a virus??
Is a virus living???

15. Definition A nonliving particle that needs a host cell to survive
Hepatitis
Bacteriophage
HIV
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16. protein coat known as a CAPSID
Structure
Made of 2 important things:
1. Contains
either DNA or RNA
2. Surrounded by a
protein coat known as a CAPSID
Video clip 1 + 2

18. Replication 1. Lytic Cycle
--virus IMMEDIATELY makes more viruses and destroys the host cell

19. Replication (cont) 2. Lysogenic cycle
--These viruses can hide in host until signaled to replicate
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20. Lysogenic Cycle viruses
                                                                                                                                                
Thus, Not all viruses replicate immediately.
Lysogenic Cycle viruses
Lytic Cycle viruses

21. Examples of Viruses (cont)
1. Bacteriophage
a VIRUS that attacks bacteria
Have a protein "tail" attached that is used to infect the host bacteria.
Click on image

22. Examples of Viruses (cont)
2. Tobacco Mosaic Virus
= example of a plant virus
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23. Examples of Viruses (cont)
3. Ebola
= example of an animal virus
Link to 2014 outbreak in Africa
Link to Ebola outbreak 2014:
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24. 4. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
Examples of Viruses (cont)
4. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
This virus can lead
to AIDS
Is an example of a retrovirus
Contains RNA and reverse transcriptase
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25. Examples of Viruses (cont)
5. Influenza Virus
RNA containing virus
Mutates rapidly
Click on image
Magnification: approximately x70,000
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26. Location of Infection
Viral infections usually involve several parts of the body
Examples:
Cold and flu
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27. Prevention Antibiotics CANNOT KILL viruses
Instead, VACCINES are used to PREVENT viruses.
Vaccine=
A dead or weakened version of a virus that helps to increase immunity in the host
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29. Exit Ticket
What is the difference between a bacterial infection and a viral infection? How are they treated?
Answer on Socrative.com
Room: Whalen5573