1. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
I Can
Distinguish the types of validity
Distinguish the types of reliability
Identify if an example is objective or subjective
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2. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Validity
When a test measures what it claims to
Face Validity
A basic form of validity which determines if a measure appears (on the face of it) to measure what it is supposed to measure.
Content Validity
Each test item is representative of the subject that the test covers
Does a test measure your knowledge or mastery of a topic?
Item Analysis
This is done to examine how a test is related to learning objectives
For example…Creating the MCAS test
Criterion Validity
The performance of the test taker is measured against a specific learning goal.Does it meet the criteria?
If we find out there is a high correlation between student grades in high-school and their success in college we would say there is high criterion-related validity
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Reliability
Test-Retest Reliability
People get the same score when they take the test more than once
Split-Half Reliability
A measure of the reliability in which a test is split into two parts and an individual’s score on both parts are compared
Inter-Rater Reliability
Measures how similarly two different test scorers would score the same test
A test that yields the same results over time
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4. Test Standardization
The administration of the test and the scoring guidelines are the same for each student
The results can then be used to draw conclusions about the test takers with respect to the test objectives.

5. The Normal Distribution of IQ Scores
Many
Number of Persons
Normal Range
Few 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
100 IQ
Normal Range : Scores falling near the middle of a normal distribution
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Types of Tests
1. Objective Tests
Can be scored easily by a machine
true/false, multiple choice, anything you can scantron
2. Subjective Tests
Individuals are asked to write answers rather than choose from a set of possible answers
Subjective tests are more challenging and expensive to prepare, administer and evaluate correctly, but they can be more valid.
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7. Ethics and Standards in Testing
Ethical concerns related to testing involve:
--The confidentiality of the test results
--How to report the results
--How to use the test to compare individuals
--The impact of tests on society as a whole
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8. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Can I?
Distinguish the types of validity
Distinguish the types of reliability
Identify if an example is objective or subjective
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007