1. Ultranationalism and Genocide
How nationalism goes beyond pride in your own nation to wanting to destroy other nations

2. For the next slide… You will see a picture of a man
If you know who it is, DO NOT say his name!

3. How would you describe the tone or mood of the poster?
How would you describe the facial expressions of the man at the center? Of the children around him?
What kinds of person does the poster present the man at the center to be? Is it obvious he is a leader? What kind? How would you know?

5. Supreme Leader
Stalin was a dictator, and his style of rule became known as “totalitarianism” (=total control)
Used techniques to maintain control like force, terror, controlled political participation, scapegoating, and indoctrination

6. Stalin’s Goals
His goal was to build a militarily powerful and industrially strong country.
Major policy initiatives:
Collectivization – reformed agriculture (centralized, gov’t ownership of all land)
The Five Year Plans – rapid industrialization
Purges – removed undesirable people (killed or sent to forced labour camps)
Often the people who were purged belonged to minority groups (not Russian)

7. Key Ideas Ukranization
during WWI, the Ukrainians tried to assert their independence
At first, Soviet authorities allowed a policy of “Ukranization” which promoted Ukrainian language and culture
This policy led to stronger desire for self determination

8. Ukrainians had a strong sense of nationalism, and expressed their desire for self-determination
Russification
Stalin wanted to make the republics more “Russian”
Education, language, forced migrations
Massive arrests of Ukraine’ intellectual, political, and religious leaders followed

9. Forced collectivization as a method of punishing the Ukrainians while also financing the industrialization of the country
Grain to be sold to foreign countries to finance rapid industrialization
Loss of privately owned land
Kulaks (landowning farmers) were opposed, in response most were condemned to death or exiled to Siberia
Stalin increased quotas, making it impossible to meet demands = punishment for locals

10. The Holodomor
Soviet armed troops confiscated all of Ukraine’s food sources and sealed its borders
People could not access food that was available in Russia
This created a MAN MADE famine, known as the Holodomor
Stalin did not allow people to refer to famine, or accept international relief

11. Results of Holodomor
Estimated 7 MILLION died, 25% of the population, 1/3 of those who died were children
At the height of the Holodomor, villagers were DYING at a rate of per DAY, or 1000 per HOUR, or 17 per MINUTE
Seen as an act of genocide