1. Perioperative management of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices 
M.E. Stone, B. Salter, A. Fischer 
British Journal of Anaesthesia 
Volume 107, Pages i16-i26 (December 2011)
DOI: /bja/aer354
Copyright © 2011 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1 Typical appearance of a dual-chamber pacemaker.
British Journal of Anaesthesia  , i16-i26DOI: ( /bja/aer354)
Copyright © 2011 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
Typical appearance of an implanted ICD. Note the thick radio-opaque coils of the RV lead.
British Journal of Anaesthesia  , i16-i26DOI: ( /bja/aer354)
Copyright © 2011 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

4. Fig 3
Suggested algorithm for preoperative decision-making regarding a modern CIED with bipolar leads. Suggested actions involving magnet application assume that the magnet response for the device is enabled, and cautery dispersal pads are appropriately located. Additional considerations may involve suspending rate-adaptive functionality, increasing outputs for cases involving transfusions or large volume shifts, and increasing the backup rate of a demand pacemaker.
British Journal of Anaesthesia  , i16-i26DOI: ( /bja/aer354)
Copyright © 2011 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions