1. The Wonderful World of Cells
Ms Bush/Ms Cohen
Biology Fall 2011

2. Take a closer look…

3. Welcome to the World of Cells!

4. The Cell Theory All living things are ________________.
Cells are the basic units of __________
________________________________.
New cells are produced ____________

5. Prokaryotes
Very primitive
No nucleus
Usually smaller
Simple

6. Eukaryotes More complex Have nucleus Usually larger Contain dozens of
structures

7. Eukaryotic Cells can be Animal or Plant

8. Plant Cell

9. Animal and Plant cells have:
Cell membranes-______________________ Organelles- _________________________ Cytoplasm- _________________________ In addition to a cell membrane, plants have a cell wall made of cellulose. What is cellulose and example of?

10. Nucleus (animal and plants)
Contains _______
Surrounded by nuclear
___________________
Nucleolus inside -
assembly of ________
Chromatin - consists of
DNA bound to _______
DNA
Envelope with nuclear pores
Ribosomes
proteins

11. Ribosomes (animal and plant)
Found on ___________________ and in cytoplasm.
Their job is to assemble___________.
Small particles of _______ and _________ make up
Ribosomes.
Endoplasmic reticulum (rough)
Proteins
RNA and Proteins
“ little protein factories”

12. Endoplasmic Reticulum (animal and plant)No
ribosomes
Has ribosomes
Where lipid components of cell membrane are assembled,
along with other materials exported from cells.

13. Golgi Apparatus (animal and plant)
Modifies, sorts, and packages ________ and other materials from _____ for storage in the cell or _________
out of cell.
Proteins, ER, secreted

14. Lysosomes (animal and plant)
Gets rid of ald organelles that have outlived their usefulness, remove junk
Diseases such as tay sachs can be linked to lysosomes that fail to function properly!
Digestion of food particles - CONTAIN ENZYMES!!!
Clean up crew!
Digestion

15. Vacuoles (animal and plant)
Central vacuole in plant cell
Closets that store water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Specialized pumps to control excess water inside cell.
“Closets” that store _______, salts, proteins, and ______.
Specialized _______ to control __________________.
Vacuoles are much _____________ in plant cells.

16. Mitochondria (animal and plant)
Power house of cell!
Convert _________ energy
Stored in _______ into
Compounds that cell
____________.
Chemical , food, can use!
Increased SA!
Why do you think this membrane is folded?

17. Chloroplasts (plants only)
Capture energy from
___________ and
Convert it into
_________ ________
Photosynthesis!!!
Sunlight, chemical energy
Endosymbiotic theory - may be descendents of ancient prokaryotes, Lynn Margulis, BU Biologist suggested this theory.
Chloroplasts and mitochondria have their own DNA -

18. Cytoskeleton (plant and animal)
microfilaments
Network of ________
Filaments.
Help cell to _______
Its shape.
Involved in _________.
Microtubules (not in pic)
Help with shape, cell
_________, & movement.
Protein
Keep
Movement, division

19. Centrioles (animals only)
Found in
_________ _______
Located near
______________
Help with ________
________________.
Animal cells, the nucleus, cell division

20. Cell Quiz
1 nucleolus, 2, nucleus with nuclear membrane, 3 ribosome, 4 lysosome, 5 RER, 6 golgi, 7 cytoskeleton, 8 SER, 9 mitochondria, 10 vacuole, 11 cytosol/cytoplasm, 12 peroxixome, 13 centriole

21. Question 1
Despite differences in size and shape, all cells have cytoplasm and a
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Mitochondrion
Nucleus

22. Question 2
If a cell of an organism contains a nucleus, the organism is a (an)
Plant
Eukaryote
Animal
Prokaryote

23. Question 3 Animal cells have all of the following EXCEPT: Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
A nucleus
A cell membrane
Golgi apparatus

24. Cell Summary

25. Exit Ticket
Compare and contrast
An animal and plant cell