1. 5.2
Louis XIV of France

2. Henry of Navarre Henry IV becomes first king of Bourbon dynasty
There is much conflict between Huguenots (Protestant) & Catholics
Henry converts to Catholicism because most of France is Catholic and he is not popular – want to heal social wounds
Signs Edict of Nantes – allows Huguenots to live peacefully in France

3. Cardinal Richelieu Louis XIII reigns after father Henry assassinated
Louis = weak king but appoints Cardinal Richelieu
Cardinal Richelieu rules France
Richelieu increases power of monarchy
Forbids Huguenot cities to have walls

4. Cardinal Richelieu Richelieu increases power of monarchy
Decreases power of other nobles
Removes their castles
Increases power of government agents that do job of nobles
Fights “Thirty Years War” against Hapsburgs (Spain, Austria, Netherlands, Holy Roman Empire)
Wants to increase French power in Europe

5. Skepticism New philosophy of skepticism becomes popular
Skepticism = nothing can ever be known for certain
Question everything
Montaigne & Descartes = French philosophers
The essay developed – short literature expressing thoughts & opinions

6. Louis XIV Louis XIV = most powerful French monarch ever
Louis XIV believed he & government were the same
14 years old when comes to power
Nobles lead riots against young king – Louis determined to never let that happen again

7. Louis XIV Louis weakens noble power
Excludes them from council
Allows intendants (gvt. officials) to collect taxes & administer justice
Jean Baptiste Colbert = Minister of Finance
Believes in mercantilism
Increase tariff on imports
Encourages migration to French colony of Canada
Colbert dies – Louis changes some policies; slows French economy
Cancels the Edict of Nantes – So What?
Huguenot business owners flee country

8. Louis XIV Controls nobles Requires them to live at his palace
Help him get dressed
Looking for any sort of recognition from Louis
Ignored those that did not honor him
This forces nobles to be dependant on Louis
Allows intendants to work without noble interference

9. Louis XIV Huge patron of the arts Art created to glorify him
Palace of Versailles

10. Louis and War Under Louis, France = most powerful country in Europe
Tries to expand French borders by invading Dutch – Dutch food countryside
Other European nations combine to stop Louis – want balance of power
Alliance created – England, Austrian Hapsburg, Spain, Sweden = French strength

11. War of Spanish Succession 1701-1714
Charles II of Spain dies w/o children and promises his throne to Philip of Anjou (Louis XIV’s grandson)
Two most powerful countries in Europe, former enemies, now ruled by one family
Other European countries fight to prevent this from happening
Philip allowed to remain king, but could not unite Spanish & French throne

12. War of Spanish Succession 1701-1714
Big winner = England
Control Gibraltar (entrance to Mediterranean Sea) from Spain
Allowed to send slaves to Spain’s colonies
Gets Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, Hudson Bay from France
Austrian Hapsburgs get Netherlands, part of Italy
Prussia & Savoy recognized as independent kingodms in central Europe