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Farmers and Populism Ch. 9 Sec. 3.

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1 Farmers and Populism Ch. 9 Sec. 3

2 Falling Prices and Rising Debt
Farm prices fell 15 cents a pound of cotton fell to 6 cents Costing more to produce crops than they could get by selling it Began to use corn for fuel More crops = falling prices Farmers went into debt

3 Big Business Practices Also Hurt
Blamed RR and banks for farmers’ problems Banks had high interest rates Sharecroppers were dishonest “There are three great crops raised in Nebraska. One is the crop of corn, one a crop of fright rates, and one a crop of interest. One is produced by farmers who sweat and toil to farm the land. The other two are produced by men who sit in their offices and behind their bank counters and farm the farmers.” Farmers’ Alliance, 1890

4 The Grange Tries Several Strategies
1867- Oliver H. Kelley forms the Grange Provide education on farming techniques Regulation of RR and grain elevator rates Grange promoted the establishment of the Interstate Commerce Commission Oversee interstate transportation

5 Farmers’ Alliances Lead the Protest
Farmers’ Alliance became reform organizations Asked gov to establish postal banks Provide farmers with low interest loans Hoped to push business costs down and crop prices up Helped a little

6 The Populist Party Populist Party- “People’s Party”
Created through the spread of the Farmers’ Alliance Wanted to build a new political party Spread rapidly

7 Populists State Their Goals
Fight low price- coinage of silver (free silver) Fight high costs- gov ownership of RR Encouraged women’s suffrage Nominated James B. Weaver as presidential candidate

8 Bryan and the Election of 1896
William Jennings Bryan- Presidential Candidate Advocated free silver Great public speaker- “Cross of Gold” speech Gained Democrats support William McKinley- Republican nominee

9 McKinley won Bryan’s monetary reform, free silver, did not appeal to urban workers Populism not popular in the north Populist party began to fall apart and its supporters returned to the democratic party

10 Populism’s Legacy Supported:
Graduated income tax Regulation of RR Flexible monetary system Allowed blacks and whites to find common political ground Emphasized their association with ordinary people

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