1. Types of Reactions

2. Synthesis Reactions Also known as Direct Combination Reactions
2 or more reactantsone product
A + B  AB
2 Na + Cl2  2 NaCl
4 Fe + 3 O2  2 Fe2O3

3. Synthesis
The skinny bird (reactant) and the worm (reactant) combine to make one product, a bigger bird.

4. Decomposition Reactions
A single compound broken down  2 or more smaller compounds or elements
Reverse of Synthesis Rxn
AB A + B
2 H2O  2 H2 + O2
CaCO3  CaO + CO2
(marble heated can break down)

5. Decomposition
The egg (the reactant), which contained the turtle at one time, now has opened and the turtle (product) and egg shell (product) are now two separate substances.

6. Single Replacement Reactions
An uncombined element displaces an element that is part of a compound.
Reactants: one element one compound
Products: one element one compound
Metals replace hydrogen or metals
Nonmetals replace nonmetals
A + BX  AX + B
Mg + CuSO4  MgSO4 + Cu
Cu + 2 AgNO3  Cu(NO3)2 + 2 Ag

7. Single Replacement Reactions
Not all elements can replace all other elements.
A more active element will replace a less active element
Activity Series (text p288) Metals
most active Li
↓ K
↓ Ba
Li can replace K or Ba
Can Ba replace K?

8. Single Replacement

9. Double Replacement Reactions
Atoms/Ions from 2 different compounds replace each other
Reactants 2 compounds (usually ionic comp)
Products 2 compounds
AX + BY  AY + BX
CaCO3 + 2 HCl  CaCl2 + H2CO3
antacid stomach acid
AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq)  AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

10. Double Replacement

11. Combustion Reactions Hydrocarbon burning
Reactants hydrocarbon and oxygen
Products carbon dioxide and water
CxHy + O2  CO2 + H2O
CH4 + O2 CO2 +H2O

12. Quiz 11-14
1. Aluminum lawn furniture becomes coated with a layer of aluminum oxide when it sits out in the air.
2. Chlorine gas is bubbled through a calcium bromide solution. The solution turns brown, the color of bromine.
3. Lime (CaO) is added to acidic water in a lake, water and salt are formed.
4. Propane is a common household fuel. When burned, water and carbon dioxide are produced.
5. When an electric current is passed through molten potassium bromide, potassium and bromine form.

13. Write a balanced equation for the reaction.
Quiz 11-9
Magnesium reacts with aqueous hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride solution and hydrogen gas.
Write a balanced equation for the reaction.
What type of reaction is it?