1. Drugs will be different in:
PHARMACOLOGY
Science dealing with interactions between living systems and molecules, especially chemicals from outside the body.
Drugs will be different in:
Size--most small
Shape--to fit receptor
Chemical nature--acid/base

2. Drug-body interaction
Pharmacodynamic:
What drug does to you
a) mimic or inhibit normal physiological/biochemical processes or inhibit pathological processes in animals or
(b) inhibit vital processes of endo- or ectoparasites and microbial organisms.
Pharmacokinetic:
What you do to drug(absorb, distribute, metabolize,eliminate)

3. Get the drug in: Oral Inhale Topical Transdermal Subcutaneous
Intramuscular
Buccal
Sublingual
Rectal
Parenteral---must skip the GI tract to avoid stomach acid(some penicllins and insulin)

4. Fastest Absorption Directly into brain
Intracerebral (into brain tissue)
Intracerebroventricular (into brain ventricles)
General Principle: The faster the absorption, the quicker the
onset, the higher the addictiveness, but the shorter the duration

5. DRUG GROUPS Antibiotics Antifungals Antivirals Antiretrovirals
Affective disorders
Insomnia
CNS disorders
Respiratory agents
Gastrointestinal agents
Urinary system
Cardiovascular
Anticoagulant
Hyperlipidemia
Narcotic and opoid analgesics
Non-narcotic analgesics
Thyroid

6. DRUG GROUPS CONT Hormone replacement Bone disease Corticosteroids
Hypoglycemic
Topical
chemotherapy

7. drug mechanism for a drug to work it needs--
1---right structure to fit receptor
2--good bonding to receptor
3--drug chirality---levo/dextro
agonist---drug that turned on receptor site to do some function
antagonist---blocks receptor site so other chemical cannot connect. 1---competitive (based on concentration)
2---irreversible(until membrane makes new receptor)

8. Agonism and Antagonism
Agonists facilitate receptor response
Antagonists inhibit receptor response
(direct ant/agonists)

9. first order kinetics first order kinetics-----’halflife is 2 hrs’
6 units in blood level at start. 3 units at 2hrs, 1.5 units at 4 hours, .75 units at 6 hours,ect
zero order kinetics---starts at first order kinetics until a threshold is hit then eliminates at a constant rate

10. drug mechanism dose/potency----
maximal effiency is when adding more drug gives no more effect(maxed out)
FYI----3rd party claim sent electronically as Rx information entered into pharmacy computer=adjudication

11. Therapeutic Index
Effective dose (ED50) = dose at which 50% population shows response
Lethal dose (LD50) =dose at which 50% population dies
TI = LD50/ED50, an indication of safety of a drug (higher is better)
ED50
LD50