1. Emotion and Motivation
Chapter 8
Emotion and Motivation
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2. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
I CAN:
Explain the relationship between emotion and motivation
Identify the 4 parts of the emotional process
Distinguish the theories of emotion
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3. Emotion causes motivation
Emphasizes arousal, both physical and mental
Motivation:
Emphasizes how this arousal becomes action
Emotion causes motivation
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Emotions
A vital ingredient in making effective personal decisions
But can spin out of control
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Emotions
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What Is Emotion?
A four-part process consisting of …
1. physiological arousal of the body
2. cognitive interpretation of events and
feelings…conscious and unconscious
3. subjective feelings
brain senses state of arousal.. also memories of similar situations
4. behavioral expression
emotions produce behavior….anger produces a middle finger
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7. What Do Our Emotions Do For Us?
Emotions have evolved to help us respond to important situations and to convey our intentions to others
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8. Universal Emotional Expression
Humans share a set of universal emotional expression
This testifies to a common biological heritage
anger sadness joy
But all emotional expressions are not universal across cultures… culture influences emotional expression
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The Real Smile
Can you identify the social smile versus the genuine, “Duchenne” smile? Real smiles involve muscles around both the eyes and cheeks.
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A "real" smile raises the lips and causes "crow's feet" around the eyes
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11. Cultural Universals in Emotional Expression
Display Rules Permissible ways of displaying emotions in a particular society
For Example:
Asian children taught to check emotions
American children taught to express them
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12. EKMAN’S SEVEN BASIC HUMAN EMOTIONS
People everywhere can recognize at least seven basic emotions:
sadness, fear, anger, disgust, contempt, happiness, and surprise
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13. PLUTCHIK’S EIGHT BASIC HUMAN EMOTIONS
Joy
Acceptance
Fear
Surprise
Sadness
Disgust
Anger
Anticipation
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14. The Nature of Emotions by Plutchik
His three-dimensional model describes the relations among emotion concepts.
The cone’s vertical dimension represents loss of intensity
The circle represents degrees of similarity among the emotions.
The 8 sectors are designed to indicate that there are 8 primary emotion dimensions defined by the theory arranged as 4 pairs of opposites. 
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15. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
CAN I?
Explain the relationship between emotion and motivation
Identify the 4 parts of the emotional process
Distinguish the theories of emotion
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007