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Dr James Ward University of South Australia
Envisioning Ecotopia Dr James Ward University of South Australia
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“FUTURISTIC”
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Denial Despair Delusion
Ecotopia Delusion
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Total biocapacity per person Total footprint per person
= 1.73 global hectares Total footprint per person = 2.84 global hectares
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Cropland Bio-capacity Foot- print Category Cropland 0.56 0.56
Grazing Cropland Grazing Forest Forest Fish Fish Built-up Land Built-up Land Total
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CARBON Cropland Bio-capacity Foot- print Category Cropland 0.56 0.56
Grazing Cropland Grazing Forest Forest Fish Fish Built-up Land Built-up Land Carbon Total
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How much energy can we sustainably harvest on our finite planet?
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Primary energy per person (IEA)
Electricity: GJ / yr Non-electricity: 115 GJ / yr
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Renewable Energy Equivalent Footprint Electricity: 0.04 gha
Biofuel: gha Carbon footprint 4.9 gha per person CARBON
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REEF + non-energy carbon REEF: 1.04 gha Carbon: 0.34 gha
Total gha Carbon footprint 4.9 gha per person CARBON
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CARBON Cropland Bio-capacity Foot- print Category Cropland 0.56 0.56
Grazing Cropland Grazing Forest Forest Fish Fish Built-up Land Built-up Land REEF + carbon Carbon Total Total
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Foot- print Bio-capacity Techno-fix #1. Mass electrification Category Cropland Techno-fix #2. High-yielding algal biofuel Grazing Forest Fish Conclusion 1. Australia’s current energy consumption will never be globally equitable Built-up Land REEF + carbon Total
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HDI > 0.8 Netherlands Greece Spain Cyprus Portugal Japan Brunei
Argentina
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HUMAN POPULATION
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(i.e. fertility reduces rapidly)
NOW 2100 Global Biocapacity (per person) 1.73 gha 1.3 gha U.N. best-case (i.e. fertility reduces rapidly) ~ 9.5 billion people
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gha per person 1.3 3.0 2.0 1.0 REEF + carbon
Cropland + Grazing + Forest + Fish + Built-up Land Netherlands Argentina Greece Portugal Japan Spain Cyprus Brunei 1.3
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gha per person 1.3 3.0 2.0 1.0 REEF + carbon
Cropland + Grazing + Forest + Fish + Built-up Land 1.3 South Africa Kenya Senegal Nigeria Ethiopia Zimbab- we
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“Ecotopia” Footprint component From this exemplar Built-up land Brunei
Cropland Fish Greece Forest Products Portugal Grazing Cyprus Carbon Argentina Biofuel
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“Ecotopia” Footprint component From this exemplar Built-up land Brunei
Cropland Fish Greece Forest Products Portugal Grazing Cyprus Carbon Argentina Biofuel Footprint (gha) 0.03 0.31 0.08 0.09 0.17 Total 0.82 – 1.1
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“Ecotopia” HDI = 0.77 Footprint component From this exemplar
Built-up land Brunei Cropland Fish Greece Forest Products Portugal Grazing Cyprus Carbon Argentina Biofuel Footprint (gha) 0.03 0.31 0.08 0.09 0.17 Cuba in 2016 0.03 0.48 0.02 0.09 0.11 0.20 0.007 – 0.20 Total 0.82 – 1.1 0.94 – 1.1
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